Shock wave interaction with a cylindrical structure

Mulligan, Phillip R.

doi:10.1063/1.5045018

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…While Qasrawi et al (2015) had neglected the overpressure on the rear surface of the cylinder as they were interested in providing a conservative estimate, Mulligan (2018) provides some empirical relations for the front and rear face of a circular cylinder for similar scaled ranges, based on small-scale experiments. C4 charges ranging from 0.09 kg to 0.272 kg, placed at a stand-off distance of 1.32 m from a 167 mm diameter cylinder, were used in these experiments (the reflected overpressures were in the range of 3–9.5 bar).…”

Section: Direct Loading On a Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon, which is in addition to the free-field blast pressure decay, is termed as 'clearing' (Figure 1(b)) and this occurs due to the presence of the free edges in a finite-sized structure. The peak reflected overpressure p r of the blast load, however, 4 does not change as the reflection of an incident blast wave is effectively instantaneous and is unaffected by clearing (Mulligan, 2018). Now, consider a finite-sized structure such as a cuboid being impacted by a blast (Figure 1(b)).…”

Section: Clearing Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blast wave interaction with structures – An overview

Isaac

Alshammari

Pickering

et al. 2022

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Blast–obstacle interaction is a complex, multi-faceted problem. Whilst engineering-level tools exist for predicting blast parameters (e.g. peak pressure, impulse and loading duration) in geometrically simple settings, a blast wave is fundamentally altered upon interaction with an object in its path, and hence, the loading parameters are themselves affected. This article presents a comprehensive review of key research in this area. The review is formed of five main parts, each describing: the direct loading of a blast wave on the surface of a finite-sized structure; the modified pressure of the blast wave in the wake region of three main obstacle types – blast walls, obstacles, wall/obstacle hybrids; and finally, a brief description of some methods for predicting loading parameters in such blast–obstacle interaction settings. Key findings relate to the mechanisms governing blast attenuation, for example, diffraction, reflection (diverting away from the target structure), expansion/volume increase, vortex creation/growth, as well as obstacle properties influencing these, such as porosity (blockage ratio), obstacle shape, number of obstacles/rows, arrangement and surface roughness.

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Section: Direct Loading On a Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clearing Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blast wave interaction with structures – An overview

Isaac

Alshammari

Pickering

et al. 2022

International Journal of Protective Structures

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Qasrawi et al (2015) numerically worked on characterizing the loading for relevant parameters of stand-alone circular columns and developed sinusoidal curve fits to estimate the equivalent reflected pressure and impulse. The experimental work of Mulligan (2018) put forward a different relation to predict the pressure ratio across the circumference of the cylinder by taking into account the influence of angle of incidence and the wake region in the rear face. Gauch et al (2020) developed analytical equations for calculating the load on the surface of a cylinder due to the impact of a pressure wave having an arbitrary shape, amplitude and time duration.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of blast loading through blast–obstacle interaction

Alshammari

Isaac

Clarke

et al. 2022

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Obstructing the passage of blast waves is an effective method of mitigating blast pressures downstream of the obstacle. To this end, the interaction between a blast wave and a simplified structural shape, such as a cylinder, has been widely investigated to understand the complex flow pattern that ensues around the obstacle. The patterns include the interference zones of the incident wave, the diffracted wave, and other secondary waves in the downstream region. Such zones are responsible for causing significant modifications to the blast wave parameters. This research aims to identify and study the factors that serve to mitigate the resulting blast loads downstream of a cylindrical obstacle – both on the ground, and on a rigid wall target that the obstacle is aiming to protect. Inputs from this numerical study are also used to develop a fast-running predictive method based on an artificial neural network (ANN) model. It was found that the size of the cylinder, the strength of the blast wave, the position of the cylindrical obstruction, and the target length, all have remarkable effects on the development of the complex flow-field downstream, and on the impulse mitigation on a reflective target. A number of key mitigation mechanisms are identified, namely shadowing and interference, and their origins and significance are discussed. An ANN model trained using scaled input parameters could successfully predict impulse values on such a reflective target. Using this model to predict the response of previously unseen configurations (for the ANN) gave excellent correlation, thereby demonstrating the high fidelity of this fast-running tool, and its ability to predict the effectiveness of various wave-cylinder interactions in mitigating blast loading.

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Introduction

Wu,

Cheng,

2024

Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering

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Shock wave interaction with a cylindrical structure

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Blast wave interaction with structures – An overview

Blast wave interaction with structures – An overview

Mitigation of blast loading through blast–obstacle interaction

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