Shifting the O₂ reduction pathway from H₂O to H₂O₂via in situ reconstruction of Ti₂O₃ nanoparticles

Abstract

In an electrochemical process, Ti2O3 undergoes in situ surface restructuring, transforming into oxygen-deficient TiO2. This change shifts the ORR from a typical 4e− pathway to a more efficient 2e− pathway, boosting hydrogen peroxide production.

Ti2O3 film electrode for water treatment via electrochemical chlorine evolution

“…Previous research indicated that 3-4 atomic layers of oxygen-deficient anatase TiO 2 formed on the surface of Ti 2 O 3 after electrolysis. 32 Ti 3+ on the surface may be oxidized to Ti 4+ , along with additional oxygen coordinating with Ti atoms, possibly causing a structural rearrangement on the surface which cannot be detected by PXRD. However, we have shown that the active surface sites can be regenerated by a quick linear scan to negative potential and the degradation efficiency will return to the same level as first usage.…”

Ni clusters immobilized on oxygen-rich siloxene nanosheets for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction toward H2O2 synthesis

“…Among them, the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) through the two-electron (2e − ) pathway is a green and safe approach to produce H 2 O 2 . [11][12][13][14] This process utilizes H 2 O and O 2 to achieve continuous H 2 O 2 production without requiring any transportation steps. 15 However, due to the competition from the 4e − pathway, there is an urgent need to develop efficient and stable electrocatalysts that are highly selective for the 2e − ORR.…”

MOF-Derived Cobalt Nanoparticles with Dispersed Iron Phthalocyanines as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts

“…The extensive use of conventional fossil resources has driven the accelerated advancement of technologies related to clean energy conversion and storage. Among these technologies, rechargeable metal–air batteries have been considered highly promising candidates, primarily owing to their exceptional theoretical energy density, cost-effectiveness, and environmentally friendly nature. − Nevertheless, the sluggish kinetics associated with oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) severely limits their applications on a large scale, emphasizing the increasing need for critical electrode materials with high activity and durability. − Under these circumstances, noble metal-based catalysts (Pt/C, RuO 2 , and IrO 2 ) have been studied as the primary electrocatalysts for the ORR and OER due to their exceptional catalytic performance. , However, their commercial utilization is restricted by high cost and relatively low stability under working conditions. , Significant efforts have thus been dedicated to the development of cost-effective and high-performance bifunctional oxygen catalysts that can efficiently and reliably drive both ORR and OER simultaneously. − …”