Shifting boundaries: challenges for rust monitoring

Hodson, Dave

doi:10.1007/s10681-010-0335-4

Cited by 61 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Invasive species, genotypes and/or specific strains of microorganisms may pose a serious threat to the stability of ecosystems and increase the fluctuations in crop productivity (Palm 2001;Lee 2002;Hodson 2011). The increasing number of invasive crop pathogens, which has been reported in the recent past, is thereby contributing to reduce food security in general (Parker and Gilbert 2004;Desprez-Loustau et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular markers for tracking the origin and worldwide distribution of invasive strains of Puccinia striiformis

Wälter

Ali

Kemen

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Investigating the origin and dispersal pathways is instrumental to mitigate threats and economic and environmental consequences of invasive crop pathogens. In the case of Puccinia striiformis causing yellow rust on wheat, a number of economically important invasions have been reported, e.g., the spreading of two aggressive and high temperature adapted strains to three continents since 2000. The combination of sequence‐characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers, which were developed from two specific AFLP fragments, differentiated the two invasive strains, PstS1 and PstS2 from all other P. striiformis strains investigated at a worldwide level. The application of the SCAR markers on 566 isolates showed that PstS1 was present in East Africa in the early 1980s and then detected in the Americas in 2000 and in Australia in 2002. PstS2 which evolved from PstS1 became widespread in the Middle East and Central Asia. In 2000, PstS2 was detected in Europe, where it never became prevalent. Additional SSR genotyping and virulence phenotyping revealed 10 and six variants, respectively, within PstS1 and PstS2, demonstrating the evolutionary potential of the pathogen. Overall, the results suggested East Africa as the most plausible origin of the two invasive strains. The SCAR markers developed in the present study provide a rapid, inexpensive, and efficient tool to track the distribution of P. striiformis invasive strains, PstS1 and PstS2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular markers for tracking the origin and worldwide distribution of invasive strains of Puccinia striiformis

Wälter

Ali

Kemen

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Under endemic conditions, stem rust is one of the most serious wheat diseases and has caused devastating damage to wheat crops worldwide over the past 100 years (Hodson 2011). Severe stem rust epidemics have occurred in North America and in Australia at continental levels leading to huge economic losses (Kolmer 2001; Park 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and mapping of leaf, stem and stripe rust resistance quantitative trait loci and their interactions in durum wheat

et al. 2012

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Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.), stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Eriks.) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) cause major production losses in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). The objective of this research was to identify and map leaf, stripe and stem rust resistance loci from the French cultivar Sachem and Canadian cultivar Strongfield. A doubled haploid population from Sachem/Strongfield and parents were phenotyped for seedling reaction to leaf rust races BBG/BN and BBG/BP and adult plant response was determined in three field rust nurseries near El Batan, Obregon and Toluca, Mexico. Stripe rust response was recorded in 2009 and 2011 nurseries near Toluca and near Njoro, Kenya in 2010. Response to stem rust was recorded in field nurseries near Njoro, Kenya, in 2010 and 2011. Sachem was resistant to leaf, stripe and stem rust. A major leaf rust quantitative trait locus (QTL) was identified on chromosome 7B at Xgwm146 in Sachem. In the same region on 7B, a stripe rust QTL was identified in Strongfield. Leaf and stripe rust QTL around DArT marker wPt3451 were identified on chromosome 1B. On chromosome 2B, a significant leaf rust QTL was detected conferred by Strongfield, and at the same QTL, a Yr gene derived from Sachem conferred resistance. Significant stem rust resistance QTL were detected on chromosome 4B. Consistent interactions among loci for resistance to each rust type across nurseries were detected, especially for leaf rust QTL on 7B. Sachem and Strongfield offer useful sources of rust resistance genes for durum rust breeding.

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“…Significant epidemics included central India in 1946-47 (20% loss) and Chile in 1951 (40% loss) [1]. Resistance to stem rust was successfully incorporated into wheat in the 1950s in Norman Borlaug's breeding programs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Yield gain due to fungicide application in varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) resistant and susceptible to leaf rust

Morgounov¹,

Akın²,

Demir³

et al. 2015

Crop Pasture Sci.

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In three independent experiments in Turkey and Kazakhstan, winter wheat germplasm with variable degrees of resistance to leaf rust was subjected to fungicide protection. The yield loss of genotypes susceptible to leaf rust varied from 30% to 60% depending on the environment and severity of infection. Genotypes completely or moderately resistant to leaf rust also responded positively to fungicide protection, with average yield increases in the range 10–30%. This increase was observed even in one season without leaf rust infection. The main character affected by fungicide was 1000-kernel weight. There was stable expression of the magnitude of yield gain in resistant genotypes in different seasons, confirming genetic variation for this trait. Possible mechanisms of yield gain from fungicide protection in resistant genotypes are related to a positive physiological effect of the chemical used as well as a possible ‘cost of resistance’ to wheat plants. The magnitude of yield gain by resistant germplasm justifies its capture in breeding programs to develop varieties resistant to diseases and with greater benefits from the fungicide protection.

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Shifting boundaries: challenges for rust monitoring

Abstract: Major changes have occurred in the global wheat-rust disease landscape over the last century. At

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

Molecular markers for tracking the origin and worldwide distribution of invasive strains of Puccinia striiformis

Molecular markers for tracking the origin and worldwide distribution of invasive strains of Puccinia striiformis

Identification and mapping of leaf, stem and stripe rust resistance quantitative trait loci and their interactions in durum wheat

Yield gain due to fungicide application in varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) resistant and susceptible to leaf rust

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