Shh pathway in wounds in non-diabetic Shh-Cre-eGFP/Ptch1-LacZ mice treated with MAA beads

Mobilizing Endogenous Repair Through Understanding Immune Reaction With Biomaterials

“…Materials based on methacrylic acid have shown great efficacy in treating various skin conditions, including diabetic wound healing ( Fitzpatrick et al, 2012 ; Lisovsky and Sefton, 2016 ). Methacrylic acid biomaterials promote blood vessel formation via sonic hedgehog signaling and promote M2 macrophage polarization via an IGF-1 mediated pathway ( Martin et al, 2010 ; Talior-Volodarsky et al, 2017 ).…”

Biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive “smart” interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels

“…Due to the presence of MAA, the gel possesses inherent vascular regenerative properties, obviating the need for exogenous factors like growth factors or cells. This results in a heightened microvessel density observed in vivo [ [397] , [398] , [399] , [400] ]. The hydrogel can encapsulate pancreatic islet cells and respond to glucose stimulation.…”

Methacrylic acid-based biomaterials promote peripheral innervation in the subcutaneous space of mice

“…MAA-based biomaterials are available in multiple forms including beads [10,11], smooth coatings [12][13][14], and hydrogels [15], all of which display similar bioactive properties. In addition to promoting vessel formation, MAA-based biomaterials promote wound healing [9,[16][17][18], mitigate pro-inflammatory cytokine expression [8,12,14], and polarize macrophages to a 'reparative' phenotype [11]. The effects on vascularization have lead to a focus on subcutaneous islet delivery [15], muscle regeneration [19] and soft tissue repair [14].…”

“…The effects on vascularization have lead to a focus on subcutaneous islet delivery [15], muscle regeneration [19] and soft tissue repair [14]. The increased expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) [11] nerve growth factor (NGF) [13], sonic hedgehog (Shh) [10,17], and microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) [13], all of which are important for peripheral nerve growth and regeneration, suggest that MAA-based biomaterials may promote nerve growth.…”