Shengmai-san Enhances Antioxidant Potential in C2C12 Myoblasts Through the Induction of Intracellular Glutathione Peroxidase

Abstract

Abstract. Cellular and tissue injury associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported in many kinds of disorders. While the antioxidant enzymes play critical roles in inhibiting the ROS-mediated injury, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is scavenging hydroperoxides including H 2 O 2 . We previously reported that Shengmai-san (SMS), a traditional Chinese medicine, prevented ischemia / reperfusion injury of the brain and other organs in rats. To clarify the effect of SMS on intracellular responses of muscle cells against oxidative stress, C2C12 myoblasts were subjected to H 2 O 2 abuse. SMS pre-incubation prevented the decreasing cell viability after H 2 O 2 treatment. The accumulations of cellular protein carbonyl associated with apoptotic cell death were also inhibited by the SMS pre-incubation prior to oxidative damage induction. At the same time, enhanced activity, protein, and mRNA expression levels of GPx were observed in cells pre-incubated with SMS prior to H 2 O 2 abuse. Moreover, intracellular GSH was subsequently decreased after H 2 O 2 treatment. These findings suggest that SMS improved the antioxidant capacity against acute oxidative stress through the constitutive enhancement of GPx expression in C2C12 myoblasts. Because of its antioxidative property, SMS might be useful not only for the oxidative damage associated diseases but also for the transplantation of myoblasts into muscular dystrophy patients.

Sauchinone Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Skeletal Muscle Myoblast Damage through the Down-Regulation of Ceramide

“…[4][5][6] Cell injury associated with ROS may contribute to a variety of muscle diseases and pathologic conditions. 29) To clarify the effect of sauchinone on the oxidative stress response in muscle cells, we exposed C 2 C 12 skeletal muscle myoblasts to H 2 O 2 .…”

“…1,2) Skeletal muscle cells are susceptible to oxidative stress induced through electron transport and oxygen flux during normal contraction, and this stress may increase with exercise intensity. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Muscle redox status, especially during atrophy, is more oxidative than the redox status in other organs. Augmentation of cellular antioxidant defense presents a basic strategy for controlling oxidative muscle injury and related disease conditions.…”

Shengmai-san–Mediated Enhancement of Regenerative Responses of Spinal Cord Axons After Injury in Rats

“…It was shown that α-tocopherol treatment improved neurite outgrowth of cultured retinal ganglion cells (35). Having noted that the protective effects of SMS on oxidative damages in different kind of cells or tissues might be shared mechanistically with those of α-tocopherol, several studies reported similar protection by α-tocopherol (14,16,36,37). Our data showed that neurite outgrowth of DRG sensory neurons was enhanced to a similar level by treatment of either SMS or α-tocopherol in comparison to the untreated control, which implicates physiological significance of the antioxidant activity of SMS for axonal regeneration.…”

Idesolide, an Isolate of Idesia polycarpa, Inhibits Apoptosis through Induction of Intracellular Heat Shock Protein 70 in C2C12 Muscle Cells

“…[23][24][25][26] Skeletal muscle cells and myoblasts are susceptible to oxidative stress induced through electron transport and oxygen flux during normal contraction, and this stress may increase with exercise intensity. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Augmentation of cellular antioxidant defense presents a basic strategy to control oxidative muscle injury and related disease conditions. The present study demonstrates the potential benefits of herbal medicines in treating oxidative stress-related muscle disorders.…”