Shell‐Isolated Nanoparticle‐Enhanced Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopies: Synthesis and Applications

Abstract

Shell‐isolated nanoparticles (SHINs) composed of a protective shell and a plasmonic metal core have been extensively used in plasmon‐enhanced Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy. Whereby, SHIN‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy has effectively overcome the material and morphology limitations for traditional surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and demonstrates advanced properties in various fields including surface science, chemical analysis, biological and medical assays, and material science. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of the optical species can be enhanced smartly by SHINs due to the localized surface‐plasmon resonance effect of the SHINs, the so called SHIN‐enhanced fluorescence. In this review, the synthesis of the SHINs is discussed according to the shell materials. Then, the developments and advancements in application of the SHINs in Raman and fluorescence spectroscopies are comprehensively described. Finally, potential future developments for SHINs and SHIN‐enhanced spectroscopy are presented.

Multifunctional Skin‐Inspired Flexible Sensor Systems for Wearable Electronics

“…To achieve high‐performance SERS substrates, it is crucial to deliberately engineer uniform large‐scale plasmonic nanostructures with high‐density of “hot‐spots,” allowing the generation of enhanced electric fields as large as possible . Huge efforts, in the past decades, thus have been dedicated to exploiting versatile SERS platforms by rational chemical syntheses or advanced lithographic routes in aqueous solutions or on rigid substrates …”

Interfacial effect of dual ultra-thin SiO2 core–triple shell Au@SiO2@Ag@SiO2 for ultra-sensitive trinitrotoluene (TNT) detection

“…Moreover, the outer ultrathin SiO 2 layer can avoid change of electron density of adsorbed molecules, which may subsequently change the adsorption behavior of the molecules. 17,18 Thus, the interfacial effect of outermost layer can enhance the surface plasmon resonance effect. Compared to Ag@SiO 2 , the SERS signal of Au@Ag is stronger, which evidenced bimetallic Au@Ag improved SERS activity.…”

“…(3) The direct adsorption on the metal surface may change the electron density of adsorbed molecules, which may subsequently change the adsorption behavior of the molecules. 17,18 The interfacial effect between the inner and outermost silica layer can contribute to the present of an amplied electric eld between Au core and Ag shell and prevent the aggregation and oxidation of the nanoparticles, so the passivation layer can enhance the surface plasmon resonance effect. 19 In this work, we studied the interfacial effect of double-layer dielectric silica that can enhance the surface plasmon resonance effect in Au@SiO 2 @Ag@SiO 2 .…”

Shell-Isolated Nanoparticle-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

“…In a case of reduction of p–nitrothiophenol to p–aminothiophenol by sodium borohydride carried out in a liquid phase SHINERS nanoparticles demonstrate the bifunctionality as SERS nanoresonators and nanocatalyst (Zhang et al, 2017b). SHINERS is also one of the novel and promising techniques for electrochemical surface science, which can be relatively easy carried out in aqueous solutions (Xu et al, 2018).…”