Sheep Red Blood Cell Instillation at Palatine Tonsil Effectively Induces Specific IgA Class Antibody in Saliva in Rabbits

Fukuizumi, Takaki; Inoue, Hiromasa; Anzai, Yuichi; Tsujisawa, Toshiyuki; Uchiyama, Choji

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1995.tb02212.x

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These findings were in contrast to the findings of Fukuizumi and co-workers (Fukuizumi et al, 1995), who evaluated responses in rabbits that were immunized by the nasal vs. tonsil routes and found that IN immunization resulted in nasal responses, while IT immunization resulted in salivary responses. Human tonsillar immunization studies have evaluated the effect of antigen injection (Quiding-Jarbrink et al, 1995) rather than topical antigen application as evaluated here.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Subjects immunized by the tonsillar route had a higher number of specific antibody-secreting cells in removed tonsils than seen in subjects immunized by the other routes. These studies and others indicate that IgA-inductive sites (i.e., tonsils) of the common mucosal immune system (CMIS) may preferentially supply IgA-committed, antigen-sensitized cells to local mucosal regions (Brandtzaeg, 1984;Fukuizumi et al, 1995;Moldoveanu et al, 1995;Quiding-Jarbrink et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Evidence has been presented that tonsils may play a role in the selective induction of oral responses (Fukuizumi et al, 1995). Studies in rabbits found that tonsillar immunization with S. mutans resulted in the induction of a salivary response (Fukuizumi et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Humans Immunized with Streptococcus mutans Antigens by Mucosal Routes

Childers¹,

Tong²,

Li³

et al. 2002

Journal of Dental Research

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Strategies aimed at the prevention of Streptococcus mutans infection and dental caries include mucosal immunization, which results in salivary anti-S. mutans responses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nasal vs. tonsillar immunization with S. mutans antigens in inducing salivary immune responses. Twenty-one adult subjects were immunized twice, within a seven-day interval, with a glucosyltransferase-enriched preparation (E-GTF) administered by nasal or tonsillar topical spray. Parotid saliva, nasal wash, and serum were collected prior to and at one- to two-week intervals for 3 months following immunization and were assayed by ELISA for anti-E-GTF activity. Results were analyzed by means of the mixed-models procedure with p < 0.05 level of significance. Significantly higher anti-E-GTF responses were detected in saliva and nasal wash samples from the group immunized by the nasal compared with the tonsillar route, indicating that nasal immunization was more effective in inducing mucosal responses in adults.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Humans Immunized with Streptococcus mutans Antigens by Mucosal Routes

Childers¹,

Tong²,

Li³

et al. 2002

Journal of Dental Research

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“…immunization at the cellular level are being studied [12]. Although it was reported that injection of sheep red blood cells into palatine tonsils in rabbits induced an antibody-secreting cell (ASC) response in salivary glands (SG) [13], the cells involved in the induction of immune responses in NALT and their relation to the cells in the mucosal effector site are not clear. To obtain dissociated lymphocytes from the NALT will facilitate further studies of the cells involved and the interactions whereby mucosal immunoglobulin (Ig)A as well as circulating IgG antibody responses are induced and memory is established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) as a Mucosal Immune Inductive Site

1997

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Wu H-Y, Nguyen HH, Russell MW. Nasal Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) as a Mucosal Immune Inductive Site. Scand J Immunol 1997;46:506-513 Intranasal (i.n.) immunization is a very effective route for inducing mucosal immunity, but the cellular mechanism responsible for regulating and disseminating these responses is not fully understood. The authors studied the role of nasal lymphoid tissue (NALT) as a mucosal inductive site by using highly purified NALT cells obtained by a new method of mechanical isolation. The NALT cells, like Peyer's patch (PP) cells, were smaller in size and less granular than lymphocytes from salivary glands (SG) and small intestinal lamina propria (LP). The NALT cells isolated from i.n. immunized mice contained antigen-specific antibodysecreting cells (ASC) predominantly of immunoglobulin (Ig)A isotype, similar to those also recovered from salivary glands in a time course study. However, the higher proportion of smaller sized spots formed by NALT cells in ELISPOT assays suggested that these cells were less differentiated precursors of those found in salivary glands. This was supported by the fact that after i.n. immunization, IgA ASC appeared in NALT, as well as in mucosal effector sites SG and LP, but none or very few in another mucosal inductive site, PP. In contrast, after intragastric (i.g.) immunization, IgA ASC were detected in PP, along with the SG and LP, but none or very few in NALT. Furthermore, after i.n. immunization, lymphocytes from NALT but not PP proliferated in response to the specific antigen in culture. These findings imply that NALT served as an inductive site for IgA antibody responses at mucosal effector sites.

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“…Over the past several years, we have been developing tonsillar application, a new immunization route for mucosal immunity, specifically for the oral cavity (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)13). Tonsillar application of sheep erythrocytes (4) and formalin-killed bacterial cells (7,13) induced production of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) and blood plasma IgG more effectively than did intragastric instillation or nasal application.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus sobrinus Antigens That React to Salivary Antibodies Induced by Tonsillar Application of Formalin-Killed S. sobrinus in Rabbits

et al. 2000

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We previously found that tonsillar application of antigen induces a strong antibody response to Streptococcus sobrinus in saliva and blood plasma. Rabbits immunized against S. sobrinus by tonsillar application were highly resistant to experimental dental caries triggered by oral inoculation of living S. sobrinus organisms with sucrose. In the present study, we examined the reaction of S. sobrinus antigens to the antibodies induced by the tonsillar application of S. sobrinus AHT-k in rabbits and compared them to those antibodies induced by intramuscular injection. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using ultrasonic fragments from mutans group streptococci, the saliva and blood plasma selectively reacted to S. sobrinus AHT-k (serotype g) and serologically related streptococci (serotypes a, d, and h) in the sixth week after tonsillar application, whereas the blood plasma in the sixth week after intramuscular injection reacted to the unrelated streptococci (serotypes b, c, e, and f) in addition to the aforementioned streptococci. The antibody reactivity induced after tonsillar application was not lost after treatment of the antigen with heat or proteinase digestion, whereas these treatments resulted in a 70% decrease of the antibody reactivity induced by intramuscular injection. The inhibition by haptenic sugars and the decrease in immunoreactivity by heat treatment and proteinase digestion suggested that 80% of the antibodies induced by tonsillar application reacted to saccharides. These saccharide antigens appeared to be involved in a specific reaction with S. sobrinus-specific streptococci and a selective reaction with serologically related streptococci. These antigens are probably involved in anticaries reactions in experimental dental caries.Over the past several years, we have been developing tonsillar application, a new immunization route for mucosal immunity, specifically for the oral cavity (3-7, 13). Tonsillar application of sheep erythrocytes (4) and formalin-killed bacterial cells (7, 13) induced production of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) and blood plasma IgG more effectively than did intragastric instillation or nasal application. In rabbits immunized by tonsillar application of formalin-killed Streptococcus sobrinus, a cariogenic bacterium, the experimental dental caries were suppressed to one-fifth of the level found in nonimmunized rabbits and to one-third of the level in rabbits immunized by the intragastric route (7). The number of S. sobrinus bacteria recovered from the tooth surface in the tonsillar immunized rabbits was also suppressed. The cause of this suppression was suggested to be the elimination of the bacterial cells from the oral cavity, most likely through agglutination by the induced antibodies.In research into anticaries vaccinations, several antigens which have anticaries potential, such as an antigen I/II (14) and glucosyltransferase (28), have been reported. These antigens are proteins. However, our S. sobrinus antigen appears to be unique in Western blotting analysis (6); ...

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Sheep Red Blood Cell Instillation at Palatine Tonsil Effectively Induces Specific IgA Class Antibody in Saliva in Rabbits

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Humans Immunized with Streptococcus mutans Antigens by Mucosal Routes

Humans Immunized with Streptococcus mutans Antigens by Mucosal Routes

Nasal Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) as a Mucosal Immune Inductive Site

Streptococcus sobrinus Antigens That React to Salivary Antibodies Induced by Tonsillar Application of Formalin-Killed S. sobrinus in Rabbits

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