Sheep Farming in Saxon and Medieval England

Hoskins, W. G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-00466-9_1

Cited by 3 publications

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“…In England, moreover, sheepskin was preferred over that of any other species for legal texts. This was not just because mediaeval English farmers raised prodigious numbers of sheep (Hoskins 1963). In Richard FitzNigel's Dialogus de Scaccario or The Course of the Exchequer, completed in 1179 (Johnson 1983, p. xx), the Master tells the Scholar, "The duty of the Scribe who sits next the Treasurer is to prepare the Rolls (which for a certain reason are of sheepskin) for writing.…”

Section: Some Features Of the Corpus On Animal Hidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On animal hides and (pre-)tanning in the Persepolis Fortification archive

Potts¹,

Henkelman²

2021

Achemenet. Vingt Ans Apres

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Section: Some Features Of the Corpus On Animal Hidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On animal hides and (pre-)tanning in the Persepolis Fortification archive

Potts¹,

Henkelman²

2021

Achemenet. Vingt Ans Apres

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“…As a consequence of a substantial demographic increase in the sixteenth century (Wrigley and Schofield 1981), and the subsequent increase of the mainly urban-driven demand for meat (Albarella 1997a: 28) and other animal products, such as wool (Albarella 1999), there was a shift towards a more intensive type of farming and animal husbandry. By the sixteenth century, wool was of great importance to England's economy, with cloth representing four-fifths of the country's exports (Hoskins 1955). Labour productivity and agricultural efficiency rose in Early Modern England (Allen 2003), as a result of new farming practices, such as grass-arable rotation and the increased use of manure, soap ashes, marl and lime for improving the soil (Kerridge 1967), together with the growth of stock density (Davis and Beckett 1999).…”

Section: Widthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘long’ sixteenth century: a key period of animal husbandry change in England

Sologestoa

Albarella

2018

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Although many historians have extensively discussed the agricultural history of England between the Late Middle Ages and the Modern Era, this period of crucial changes has received less attention by archaeologists. In this paper, zooarchaeological evidence dated between the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern period is analysed to investigate changes in animal husbandry during the 'long' sixteenth century. The size and shape of the main domestic animals (cattle, sheep, pig and chicken) is explored through biometrical data and discussed in line with evidence of taxonomic frequencies, ageing and sex ratios. Data from 12 sites with relevant chronologies and located in different areas of the country are considered. The results show that, although a remarkable size increase of animals occurred in England throughout the post-medieval period, much of this improvement occurred as early as the sixteenth century. The nature and causes of such improvement are discussed, with the aim of understanding the development of Early Modern farming and the foundations of the so-called Agricultural Revolution.

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Ecclesiastical Wealth in England in 1086

Ayton

Davis

1987

Stud. Church Hist.

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England was a rich prize for William the Conqueror to have won at the battle of Hastings. His conquest was followed by a major redistribution of the wealth of his new kingdom. By the end of his reign, a tenurial revolution had swept through the lay landholding community, leaving only a handful of Anglo-Saxons as tenants-in-chief. The Church had undergone considerable changes of personnel; only one bishopric was still in English hands (Worcester), and of the greater Benedictine houses only Bath and Ramsey were still ruled by English abbots. Domesday Book, the great survey of England made in 1086, although difficult to interpret, provides much information to enable an examination of ecclesiastical wealth, its nature, and its distribution, in the late eleventh century.

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Sheep Farming in Saxon and Medieval England

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

On animal hides and (pre-)tanning in the Persepolis Fortification archive

On animal hides and (pre-)tanning in the Persepolis Fortification archive

The ‘long’ sixteenth century: a key period of animal husbandry change in England

Ecclesiastical Wealth in England in 1086

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