Shear strength of squat walls: A strut-and-tie model and closed-form design formula

Kassem, Wael

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.11.027

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As such, with Eqn. (5) and assuming that the resultant force of the tensile boundary element is mainly resisted by the vertical reinforcement of the tensile boundary element, the following expression can be determined…”

Section: Diagonal Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, within the mechanical derivation method, two rational models are currently available for users, including the truss‐based model and the strut‐and‐tie model. The main discrepancies of the two rational models are the difference on understanding the stress distribution of squat walls . Particularly, the truss‐based model assumes that the stress of squat walls distributes uniformly in the central panel and the strut‐and‐tie model takes the assumption that the stress distribution of squat walls is concentrated along the path of the concrete diagonal compressive strut.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Probabilistic development of shear strength model for reinforced concrete squat walls

Ning

2016

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary In order to reconcile the larger scatter and avoid the biased estimate from deterministic predictions for the shear strength of reinforced concrete (RC) squat structural walls, a probabilistic shear strength model is developed in this paper based on the strut‐and‐tie model and the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method. The strut‐and‐tie model is used to derive an appropriate function form for the probabilistic shear strength model, where four unknown model parameters (e.g. k1, k2, k3 and k4) are defined carefully to guarantee them having a clear physical‐based meaning so that the corresponding prior distribution ranges can be specified reasonably. Then, the GLUE method is adopted to estimate the posterior cumulative distribution of k1, k2, k3 and k4 with an available experimental database. Furthermore, to demonstrate the stability of the estimated posterior cumulative distribution, the sensitivity of three major aspects in GLUE method is investigated. Finally, based on the estimated cumulative distribution of k1, k2, k3 and k4, the developed probabilistic shear strength model is simplified as a mean prediction model and a standard deviation prediction model for facilitate using in engineering practice. Therefore, with the developed probabilistic shear strength model, not only can the squat structural walls be designed in confidence, but the accuracy of those deterministic predictions can be evaluated in a probabilistic manner. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Section: Diagonal Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic development of shear strength model for reinforced concrete squat walls

Ning

2016

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, Hwang et al [21] also proposed novel STM to predict the shear strength of squat RC walls. Also, Kassem [22] proposed a closed form for the design of squat walls according to Hwang et al [21] model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Approach to Predict the Shear Capacity and Failure Mode of Fix-ended Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams based on Experimental Study

Arabzadeh

Hizaji

2019

IJE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reinforced Concrete (RC) deep beams are commonly used in structural design to transfer vertical loads when there is a vertical discontinuity in the load path. Due to their deep geometry, the force distribution within the RC deep beams is very different than the RC shallow beams. T here are some strut and tie model (STM) already been developed for RC deep beams. However, most of these models are developed for RC deep beams with the simply supported boundary condition, which do not apply for RC deep beams with the fix-ended condition. In this paper, five fixed-end RC deep beams have been tested experimentally which were subjected to monotonic and cyclic loads. Also, a simple ST M was proposed to simulate the load capacity and failure mode of fix -ended RC deep beams. T he proposed ST M has the main strut and sub struts to simulate the force distribution within the RC deep beams. T his ST M were verified using five fixed-end RC deep beams subjected to monotonic and cyclic loads and compared to the response of 31 additional independent experimental tests. T he result shows the newly proposed ST M can simulate the load capacity and failure mode of fix-ended RC deep beams very well.

show abstract

“…Other equations have been proposed for predicting the shear strength of low aspect ratio walls, including Wood (1990), Whittaker (2011), Gulec et al (2008;, Moehle (2015), Kassem (2015), and Luna et al (2015). The Wood equation is empirical and calculates peak strength, within limits on average shear stress, using a shear-friction-type equation.…”

Section: Peak Shear Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommended modeling parameters and acceptance criteria for nonlinear analysis in support of seismic evaluation, retrofit, and design

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PrefaceIn September 2014, the Applied Technology Council (ATC) commenced a task order project under National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Contract SB1341-13-CQ-0009 to conduct comprehensive review of the generalized component models published in the current ASCE/SEI standard and relevant research, and develop recommendations for improvement . The need for defining parameters for nonlinear force-deformation models for components, elements, or assemblies is identified as a high-priority research and development topic in NIST GCR 14-917-27 report, Nonlinear Analysis Study and Development Program for Performance-Based Seismic Engineering, (NIST, 2013b) which outlines a research and development program for addressing the gap between state-of-the-art academic research and state-of-practice engineering applications for nonlinear structural analysis, analytical structural modeling, and computer simulation in support of performance-based seismic engineering. Buildings (ASCE, 2014), is widely used by designers for evaluating and upgrading existing buildings. The component models in the current standard were developed for use in existing building analysis, but they have also become widely employed in new building analysis. The purpose of this report is to recommend broad improvements to seismic nonlinear modeling and acceptance criteria requirements for different structural systems. The current standard, ASCE/SEI 41-13, Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing List of Tables xxviiThis publication is available free of charge from: https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.GCR.17-917-45 List of Tables Executive SummaryThis report presents recommended hysteretic relationships for use in nonlinear seismic analysis in support of performance-based seismic design and evaluation projects. The primary intended audience for this report are committee members engaged in the development of building code requirements for the use of nonlinear analysis in design, though individual engineers engaged in performance-based engineering projects may find the information presented herein useful.Nonlinear static and dynamic analysis are commonly used by engineers to assess the probable performance of existing buildings and to design major new buildings. The most comprehensive guidelines presently available for performing nonlinear seismic analysis are contained in ASCE/SEI 41-13, Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings (ASCE, 2014). This guidance includes recommended backbone shapes and control points that describe the envelope of hysteretic response of various structural elements when subjected to ramped, fully-reversed, cyclic loading protocols. Most of these backbone recommendations are based on data available in the mid-1990s. Substantial additional research has been conducted since that time, enabling the development of updated backbones and control points for steel braced frame and moment frame, reinforced concrete shear wall and moment frame, and masonry and wood shear wall structur...

show abstract

Shear strength of squat walls: A strut-and-tie model and closed-form design formula

Cited by 63 publications

References 19 publications

Probabilistic development of shear strength model for reinforced concrete squat walls

Probabilistic development of shear strength model for reinforced concrete squat walls

A Simple Approach to Predict the Shear Capacity and Failure Mode of Fix-ended Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams based on Experimental Study

Recommended modeling parameters and acceptance criteria for nonlinear analysis in support of seismic evaluation, retrofit, and design

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About