Sharps Injuries Amongst Healthcare Workers: Review of Incidence, Transmissions and Costs

Elseviers, Monique; Arias‐Guillén, Marta; Gorke, Aloïs; Arens, Hans-Jürgen

doi:10.1111/jorc.12050

Cited by 73 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Approximately 80% of HCPs have been affected by NSIs [30]. Various authors attributed the vulnerability of HCPs to BBP from NSIs to various reasons, including:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare Waste Management: A Case Study from Sudan

2018

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Healthcare waste (HCW) represents a major public health issue, especially in developing countries. Among HCW categories, sharps waste is one of the most hazardous. Exposure to needle-stick injuries can lead to blood-borne pathogens, therefore HCW should be managed in an effective manner. The main aims of this study were to assess the current management of used needles and to suggest suitable recommendations for an improved and safer system for needle management in Khartoum, Sudan. The study showed that the management of both healthcare and home-generated HCW in Sudan is inefficient, as all wastes are mixed together and disposed of improperly, especially used needles. The study attributes this to many reasons, including lack of waste segregation at the source, lack of policies, failure of planning, inadequate training, lack of awareness of the hazardous nature of such kinds of waste, weak infrastructure, and a lack of suitable treatment technologies. The estimated average generated rate of HCW ranged from 0.38 to 0.87 kg/bed/day in 2009 and 2012, respectively. Such ineffective healthcare waste management HCWM, especially used needles, can put public health as well as the environment at risk, particularly waste workers, thus urgent action needs to be taken by all involved parties and at all levels.

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“…Approximately 80% of HCPs have been affected by NSIs [30]. Various authors attributed the vulnerability of HCPs to BBP from NSIs to various reasons, including:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare Waste Management: A Case Study from Sudan

2018

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“…Center for Disease Control and Prevention investigated 208 dentistry exposures (including subcutaneous, mucous membrane, and long-term skin exposure) reported between 1995 and 2001, in which 13% were positive for HIV source which led to serum changes since 75% of the exposed people received three PEP regimens for varying times [5]. Moreover, reports suggest that more than 3 million medical employees experience occupational exposure to sharp and cutting objects annually, leading to 16,000 cases of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, 66,000 cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and 1000 cases of HIV infection [9]. Health and medical employees, especially physicians and dentists, are at two major risks regarding the infectious diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Frequency of Occupational Exposure in Dentistry Students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Southwest of Iran

Gilavand

Shooriabi

Malakootian

2018

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: In spite of great developments in infection control during recent years, many problems are still seen at the level of faculties, private, and public hospitals. Therefore, this research was carried out to evaluate the frequency of occupational exposure in dentistry students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Southwest of Iran.Methods: This study was conducted using a descriptive and cross-sectional method in 2016. The population of the study included all the 124 dentistry students graduated from Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), southwest of Iran, who started their clinical education. The data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS 22 software.Results: A total of 84 (67.7%) of the participants were male and 40 (23.3%) were female. Of all the participants, 54.8% of the students had no occupational exposure, 17.9% had needle stick experience, 17.9% of them had splash exposure, and 8.9% had a history of exposure to both needlestick acid and patient discharge. In the current research, no significant relationship was found between job exposure and age, gender, and marital status (p<0.05). However, a significant relationship was found between occupational exposure, year of admission to university, academic semester, and educational environment (p<0.05). Conclusion:Given the relatively high prevalence of occupational exposure in students, the development of prevention and exposure to occupational protocols and requiring students to comply with these protocols in clinical dentistry environments is recommended.

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“…The number of reported OD cases among healthcare personnel in Germany declined over the time possibly due to improved blood-borne pathogen handling practices. Guidelines have been issued since 2000 that aim to prevent exposure to blood, for example, from NSI [11]. In the mid-1990s it came to a strong increase in reported ODs, probably in many cases linked to old cases, as a result of increased investigations since the mid-1990s in Germany [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Needlestick injuries (NSI) are the most frequently reported occupational accidents in healthcare [13]. The results of epidemiological studies indicate that most of HCWs (80%) have been affected by NSI, and many such injuries remain unreported [11]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C among healthcare personnel: secondary data analyses of costs and trends for hepatitis C infections with occupational causes

Westermann

Dulon

Wendeler

et al. 2016

J Occup Med Toxicol

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BackgroundHepatitis C infection is a global public health issue. Chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to describe the costs for occupationally-cased hepatitis C infections based on data from an accident insurance carrier.MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis based on the Database of a German Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance. The analysis is based on a sample of insured parties whose hepatitis C infections were recorded as occupational diseases between 1996 and 2013. The analysis is based on recognised hepatitis C cases and incorporates records registered between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2014.ResultsWithin the study period, the number of reported and recognised hepatitis C cases declined by 73 and 86% respectively. The majority of recognised hepatitis C cases (n = 1.121) were female, older than 40 years and were active in a medical nursing profession. In the study period, the costs came to a total of € 87.9 million, of which 60% was attributable to pension payments (€ 51,570,830) and around 15% was attributable to pharmaceutical and medicinal products (€ 12,978,318). Expenses for drugs exhibited heavy increases in 2012 (from around € 500,000–800,000 to € 1.7 million) and 2014 (to € 2.5 million) in particular. Pension payments came to € 1.6 million in 2000 and rose continuously to over € 4 million in 2014. Expenses for occupational rehabilitation accounted for less than 1%.ConclusionsFor hepatitis C infections as an occupational disease, a considerable increase in costs has been observed in recent years, while the number of reports has declined heavily. This rise in costs is explained by the increase in pension payments and, since 2012, by a rise in the costs for drugs. The high costs of anti-viral therapies is offset by the potential for considerable treatment benefits. Healing the infection is expected to generate long-term cost savings for statutory accident insurance carriers, and also for social security systems.

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Sharps Injuries Amongst Healthcare Workers: Review of Incidence, Transmissions and Costs

Abstract: Sharps injuries remain a frequent threat amongst HCWs. The follow-up and treatment of sharps injuries and the deriving consequences represent a significant cost factor.

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

Healthcare Waste Management: A Case Study from Sudan

Healthcare Waste Management: A Case Study from Sudan

Investigating the Frequency of Occupational Exposure in Dentistry Students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Southwest of Iran

Hepatitis C among healthcare personnel: secondary data analyses of costs and trends for hepatitis C infections with occupational causes

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