Sharka: The Past, The Present and The Future

Abstract

Members the Potyviridae family belong to a group of plant viruses that are causing devastating plant diseases with a significant impact on agronomy and economics. Plum pox virus (PPV), as a causative agent of sharka disease, is widely discussed. The understanding of the molecular biology of potyviruses including PPV and the function of individual proteins as products of genome expression are quite necessary for the proposal the new antiviral strategies. This review brings to view the members of Potyviridae family with respect to plum pox virus. The genome of potyviruses is discussed with respect to protein products of its expression and their function. Plum pox virus distribution, genome organization, transmission and biochemical changes in infected plants are introduced. In addition, techniques used in PPV detection are accentuated and discussed, especially with respect to new modern techniques of nucleic acids isolation, based on the nanotechnological approach. Finally, perspectives on the future of possibilities for nanotechnology application in PPV determination/identification are outlined.

Occurrence of Stone Fruit Viruses in Plum Orchards in Latvia

“…Abbreviations as in Table 2 Brought to you by | MIT Libraries Authenticated Download Date | 5/9/18 11:31 AM Although PPV has spread throughout several European countries (Sochor et al, 2012), our study revealed that PPV is not widely spread in Latvia and is currently present only in a limited number of genotypes and geographical localities. One of the main reasons for the limited spread of PPV in plum orchards in Latvia could be the low prevalence of aphid species in Northern European countries (Verhoeven et al, 1998;Blystad and Munthe, 2006;Wijkamp and Gaag, 2011).…”

“…Most PPV isolates belong to the D, M and Rec types. PPV-M is mostly known in Southern, Eastern and Central Europe, while PPV-D mostly in Western Europe (Sochor et al, 2012).…”

Sharka Epidemiology and Worldwide Management Strategies: Learning Lessons to Optimize Disease Control in Perennial Plants

“…Thus, various alternative management strategies had to be implemented against sharka. Even though the PPV pathosystem has been well studied (for reviews, see 47, 48, 66,82,130,135,136), the epidemiological grounds underlying sharka management strategies have never been…”

How does sharka affect the phenolics of plum fruit (Prunus domestica L.)?

“…PPV usually affects both the leaves (leaf symptoms) and the fruit (fruit symptoms) of plants. Typical sharka symptoms on plum include chlorotic spots or rings, oak-leaf patterns and vein clearing on leaves, shallow rings and arabesque depressions on fruit, sometimes with brownish or reddish necrotic flesh (Sochor et al 2012). Fruit from infected trees may drop prematurely (Clemente-Moreno et al 2015).…”