Occurrence of Stone Fruit Viruses in Plum Orchards in Latvia

Gospodaryk, Alina; Moročko‐Bičevska, Inga; Pūpola, N.; Kāle, Anna

doi:10.2478/prolas-2013-0018

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The results are in conjunction with (Brunt et al, 1996) who reported these stone fruits to be the hosts of PNRSV. Similar results have also been reported by a number of workers (Salam et al, 2007;Myrtra et al, 2003;Gospodaryk et al, 2013) who reported the presence of PNRSV at high concentration in different stone fruits.…”

Section: Host Range Studiessupporting

confidence: 80%

Serological Evidence for the Presence of Prunus Necrotic Ring Spot Virus in Stone Fruits with Particular Reference to Peach

Kapoor¹,

Handa²

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Section: Host Range Studiessupporting

confidence: 80%

Serological Evidence for the Presence of Prunus Necrotic Ring Spot Virus in Stone Fruits with Particular Reference to Peach

Kapoor¹,

Handa²

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…ACLSV belongs to the Flexiviridae family and Trichovirus genus (Martelli et al, 1994) and infects most plants of the Rosaceae family. It is more commonly found in pome fruits like apple and pear (Pupola et al 2011;Mazeikiene et al 2018) and less often in stone fruits -cherries, plums, apricots, peaches (Nemeth, 1986;Ulubas et al, 2004;Niu et al, 2012;Gospodaryk et al, 2013). ACLSV is easily spread through grafting and mechanical inoculation; there are no biological vectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ribavirin on Prunus Domestica L. Regeneration, Genome Stability and Virus Eradication In Vitro

Mažeikienė

Kviklys

Šikšnianienė

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

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Prunus necrotic ring spot ilarvirus (PNRSV) and Apple chlorotic leaf spot trichovirus (ACLSV) are common in plum orchards. The aim of the study was to obtain virus-free planting material of Prunus domestica L. by chemotherapy in vitro. Ribavirin at concentrations of 10 to 50 mg·l−1 was added to Murashige–Skoog (MS) nutrition medium for virus eradication from microshoots. After a two-week period of chemotherapy, meristems were subcultured monthly on MS medium and proliferation index of shoots was estimated. Microshoots were retested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for presence of virus. At lowest concentrations of 10 mg·l−1 ribavirin was entirely ineffective for ACLSV and 10 to 30 mg·l−1 was ineffective for PNRSV elimination. Ribavirin concentrations of 40 and 50 mg·l−1 destroyed both pathogens. However, at higher concentrations of 40 and 50 mg·l−1 ribavirin exhibited some signs of phytotoxicity on microshoots in the first sub-cultivation period. In order to test the genetic stability of the microplants after chemotherapy the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method was applied. Plant genome stability in ‘Magna Glauca’ at concentrations of 40 mg·l−1 was damaged, as the presence of polymorphic AFLP markers were observed.

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“…The study demonstrated that stone fruit viruses are relatively not widespread in plum orchards in Latvia and that the commonly grown genotypes are infected with one or more of the tested viruses. In the future, the implementation of a programme to produce and propagate virus free planting material, along with the establishment of virus free planting material collections and certification programmes in the country, will play the key role for the containment of the spread of these viruses in the orchards (Gospodaryk et al, 2013).…”

Section: Main Plum Diseases In Latviamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plum Research and Growing in Latvia

Kaufmane

Grāvīte

Ikase

2019

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

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Plums have been commercially grown in Latvia since the 19th century. Plantations expanded especially in the 1920s–1930s. At that time, many cultivars were introduced, mostly from Western Europe. After the severe winters of 1939/40, 1941/42, 1955/56, and 1978/79, the plum orchard area significantly decreased because of a lack of winter-hardy cultivars. For this reason, cultivars from Russia, Belarus, and Estonia were introduced. Among the old landraces, highly winter-hardy ‘Latvijas Dzeltenā Olplūme’ is still important. Previously it used to be productive and had good fruit quality. Unfortunately, nurseries often propagated the hardiest clones, which lacked productivity. As Latvian consumers love yellow plums, at present breeding and propagation of productive clones from old orchards is ongoing. In the mid-20th century, active plum breeding started in Latvia, crossing hardy genotypes with high quality donors. From this period ‘Lāse’ and ‘Minjona’ are still grown. Since the 1980s, plum breeding has been undedrtaken at the Institute of Horticulture. The crossing work in plums concentrated on the hexaploid group, aiming to combine large fruit size with good flavour, different time of ripening (in particular, early to medium late) and and good winter-hardiness. New cultivars include ‘Sonora’, ‘Ance’, and ‘Adelyn’, which have good quality, and productivity 20–30 kg per tree, and in some years up to 70 kg per tree. The most widely used rootstocks are seedlings of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. ssp. divaricata C.K. Schneid., which is more hardy that the common myrobalan plum. These rootstocks have good compatibility with most cultivars except gages, and are adapted to different soil types and are disease tolerant. Their drawback is a long growth season which reduces winter-hardiness of grafted cultivars. Also, they tend to form suckers around the stem. A hardy seedling PU-20651 (P. salicina ssp. ussuriensis × P. cerasifera) was bred at the Institute, which was shown to slightly reduce tree vigour. Testing of several Western European and Russian rootstocks did not result in their introduction into production. Trials are presently being carried out with size-reducing root-stocks originated from cultivar Wangenheim VVA-1, Weiwa, S766, and M633. Commercial production of plums in Latvia is relatively small, as the area of orchards is the smallest among fruit trees. Plums are grown mostly for fresh consumption, with a small part for jams, yoghurt, and ice-cream additives. Fruits are sold mostly in small shops, markets and at farms. The main reason is the climate, which allows growing of a limited range of cultivars that tolerate the –30 °C winter temperatures in some years (about every five years). About 20 cultivars are grown commercially; the share of the six most popular plum cultivars is 69% of the total plum production. In recent years, plantations of new cultivars developed at our Institute have expanded, especially regarding the early ripening cultivar ‘Ance’.

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Occurrence of Stone Fruit Viruses in Plum Orchards in Latvia

Abstract: Communicated by Edîte Kaufmane To evaluate the occurrence of nine viruses infecting

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Serological Evidence for the Presence of Prunus Necrotic Ring Spot Virus in Stone Fruits with Particular Reference to Peach

Serological Evidence for the Presence of Prunus Necrotic Ring Spot Virus in Stone Fruits with Particular Reference to Peach

Influence of Ribavirin on Prunus Domestica L. Regeneration, Genome Stability and Virus Eradication In Vitro

Plum Research and Growing in Latvia

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