Shared and distinct neurophysiological components of the digits forward and backward tasks as revealed by functional neuroimaging

Neural substrates for forward and backward recitation of numbers and the alphabet: A close examination of the role of intraparietal sulcus and perisylvian areas

“…This finding is consistent with Wildgruber et al's results of greater activation in this area for backward than forward recitation of the names of the 12 months (Wildgruber et al, 1999) and Sun's findings of greater activation for backward than forward digit recall (Sun et al, 2005). In a related study, backward but not forward digit span test also elicited activation in Broca's area (Gerton et al, 2004). These results seem to suggest that there is dissociation between anterior and posterior regions in the perisylvian areas for forward and backward recitation.…”

“…It was found that IPS, inferior frontal gyrus, and superior temporal gyrus were activated by backward recitation of the months as compared with fixation. In the digit span memory research, subjects were asked to recite backward a short list of digits that were briefly presented on the screen (Gerton et al, 2004;Hoshi et al, 2000). Subjects had to rely on their shortterm memory of the sequence of the digits and recite them backwards.…”

The contributions of handedness and working memory to episodic memory

“…The absence of an association between WM and handedness may reflect the fact that verbal WM tasks are predominantly left hemisphere lateralized (e.g., Nagel, Herting, Maxwell, Bruno, & Fair, 2013;Wagner, Sziklas, Garver, & Jones-Gotman, 2009), and although some studies have also shown a bilateral involvement, these are strongly attributed to the use of visual strategies to remember the verbal WM material better (e.g., Gerton et al, 2004;Haut et al, 2000). Given that the handedness differences are presumed to reflect differential access to right hemisphere processes, it may be that the handedness groups do not differ in access to left hemisphere processing.…”

Late L2ers can acquire grammatical features that do not occur in their L1: Evidence from the effect of animacy on verb agreement in L1 Chinese

“…The DF and DB tasks were used because they activate a functional neural system associated with working memory (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral inferior parietal area, although DB activates a larger area including left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and Broca's area (Gerton et al, 2004)). An inverse relation between scores on the memory tasks and verb agreement errors would strengthen the resource limitation hypothesis, as it would indicate that the likelihood of erroneous agreement was greater for individuals with fewer resources than for those with greater resources (cf.…”