Shape of the Retinal Surface in Emmetropia and Myopia

Abstract

In general both emmetropic and myopic retinas are oblate in shape, although myopic eyes less so. This finding may be relevant to theories implicating the peripheral retina in the development of myopia.

Do Peripheral Refraction and Aberration Profiles Vary with the Type of Myopia? - An Illustration Using a Ray-Tracing Approach

“…However, some authors suggest that retinal curvatures do differ across myopic eyes depending on its degree and that they are not rotationally symmetric. 19 It is important to recollect that the change in the retinal curvatures and or asphericities would effectively change the defocus terms in the periphery, but are unlikely to affect the spherical aberration and coma terms, provided the corneal and the lenticular optics is unchanged.…”

“…16,18 Considerable human research is being carried out to study the hypothesis that defocus and astigmatism in the retinal periphery may influence the development and progression of myopia. These studies [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] have reported diverse peripheral refraction patterns with various levels of ametropia. However, most suggest that emmetropes and hypermetropes have relative myopic shifts in the periphery, while myopes have relative hypermetropic shifts.…”

“…24,[26][27][28][29][30] Previous research has revealed that myopic progression is probably associated with several factors like environment, studies, lifestyle, genetics, near work [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] as well as with the optical defocus theory. It is now widely acknowledged that the defocus in the periphery of myopic eyes may stand a stimulus for the axial growth of the eye [17][18][19][20][21] but none has looked into the type of myopia, whether refractive or axial, at the start/detection stage and its capability to provoke eye growth.…”

Perbandingan Zon Interaksi Ruang Dua Dimensi Subjek Normal dan Ambliopia Anisometropik

“…Salah satu teori kepada perkembangan miopia adalah defokus hiperopia yang berlaku di bahagian periferi retina. Defokus hiperopia dicadangkan sebagai penyumbang kepada pemanjangan aksial bola mata dan seterusnya meningkatkan magnitud miopia (Atchison et al 2005;Mutti et al 2007)25.5. Kajian ini secara tidak langsung mencadangkan proses perkembangan miopia, sekiranya berlaku pada subjek ambliopia anisometropik, adalah serupa sekurangkurangnya di kawasan periferi retina.…”

Sekundärerkrankungen bei hoher Myopie

“…Leider erhöht die Kombination aus Linsenchirurgie und hoher Myopie insbe-Abb. 4 8 Klassifikation und Benennung der Staphylome wegen ihrer Lokalisation nach [110] sondere das Ablösungsrisiko für junge Menschen [21,55]. Deshalb sollte dieser Aspekt durch das präoperative Aufklä-rungsgespräch abgedeckt und dokumentiert werden [2].…”