Shape‐Changing Robots: Shape Changing Robots: Bioinspiration, Simulation, and Physical Realization (Adv. Mater. 19/2021)

Shah, Dylan; Yang, Bilige; Kriegman, Sam; Levin, Michael E.; Bongard, Josh; Kramer‐Bottiglio, Rebecca

doi:10.1002/adma.202170150

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Photovoltaic actuated mass fabricated robots can operate with only 10 nW of power, which can be extracted from incident sunlight on a 30 × 30 µm surface (100 nW). [ 101 ] Optical peer‐to‐peer communication has been achieved for microparticles at near 100 µm scale, [ 37 ] but the power required for transmission using LEDs needs further reduction, and line of sight transmission must be complemented by other methods. An alternate powering via ultrasound (PMUT/CMUT) has the advantage of penetration depth within the body and has been proposed down to the 10 µm scale for smart neural dust, or body dust (for metabolic applications), although not yet realized below 100 µm.…”

Section: How This Technology Addresses the Core Functions Of Cells An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such modular robotic systems can self‐assemble and reconfigure into various 3D shapes and self‐adapt to an unknown and dynamically changing environment, [ 35 ] the modules providing telecommunication, sensing, actuation, processing, energy storage, and power management functions. [ 33 ] Modular rigid and soft robotic systems have become a vital platform to study self‐organization and evolution, relying on self‐assembly from a set of autonomous [ 36 ] kinematically free modules with embodied functions and interaction rules [ 37–39 ] that can connect or disconnect from each other, adapting the body shape. Collective modular actuation and locomotion of these macroscopically modular robots may lead to fascinating application scenarios in areas such as inspection, rescue, exploration, and navigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

McCaskill,

Karnaushenko,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Microelectronic morphogenesis is the creation and maintenance of complex functional structures by microelectronic information within shape‐changing materials. Only recently has in‐built information technology begun to be used to reshape materials and their functions in three dimensions to form smart microdevices and microrobots. Electronic information that controls morphology is inheritable like its biological counterpart, genetic information, and is set to open new vistas of technology leading to artificial organisms when coupled with modular design and self‐assembly that can make reversible microscopic electrical connections. Three core capabilities of cells in organisms, self‐maintenance (homeostatic metabolism utilizing free energy), self‐containment (distinguishing self from nonself), and self‐reproduction (cell division with inherited properties), once well out of reach for technology, are now within the grasp of information‐directed materials. Construction‐aware electronics can be used to proof‐read and initiate game‐changing error correction in microelectronic self‐assembly. Furthermore, noncontact communication and electronically supported learning enable one to implement guided self‐assembly and enhance functionality. Here, the fundamental breakthroughs that have opened the pathway to this prospective path are reviewed, the extent and way in which the core properties of life can be addressed are analyzed, and the potential and indeed necessity of such technology for sustainable high technology in society is discussed.

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Section: How This Technology Addresses the Core Functions Of Cells An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

McCaskill,

Karnaushenko,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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“…[ 1–3 ] These organisms are inspiring more and more researchers to study bio‐inspired soft robots. [ 4–8 ] As an important branch of soft robots, underwater soft robots have broad application prospects in underwater object manipulation and marine environment monitoring. Aquatic organisms and amphibians in nature provide great inspiration for the design and manufacture of novel underwater soft robots, which has attracted increased attention from the research community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Underwater Bionic Snake Soft Robot with Tunable Deformation and Motion Based on Composite Materials

Wang

Yuan

Guo

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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in underwater object manipulation and marine environment monitoring. Aquatic organisms and amphibians in nature provide great inspiration for the design and manufacture of novel underwater soft robots, which has attracted increased attention from the research community. [9][10][11][12][13] However, the controllability of the driving force still faces great challenges. Existing driving methods mainly include optical drive, [14][15][16][17] magnetic drive, [18,19] and electric drive. [20,21] Among them, optical drive has the highest controllability and tunability, so it is widely used to drive bionic soft robots in underwater operations. In addition, the use of soft smart materials increases the flexibility of bionic robots, reducing the need for heavy, and traditional rigid materials and sensing and actuation components. Most light-driven soft robots are made of liquid crystals [22][23][24][25][26][27] and hydrogels [19] that can undergo various deformations. Mechanical swing is important for converting input energy into continuous motion. Wang et al. reported a light-driven swing actuator composed of polyimide (Kapton) and azobenzene containing liquid crystal polymers. [28] The photoactive bilayer films were prepared with benzene-carboxylic acid containing monomer (M 6 BCOOH) and azobenzene-containing monomer (M 6 ABOC 2 ). When exposed to ultraviolet light, the double-layer film bends. The high modulus of the Kapton layer gives the film great resistance, so the film quickly returns to its resting position after UV light is removed. The double-layer strip exhibits mechanical swing behavior under continuous UV irradiation. Ma et al. also made a light-driven swimmer based on the above double-layer structure. [29] The swimmer bends quickly under UV light and recovers immediately after removing the light. When placed on a liquid surface, swimmers beat the liquid rhythmically, constantly propelling themselves forward.Snake is a kind of amphibian. Despite its simple body structure, it can realize a variety of locomotion forms, such as concertina locomotion and serpentine locomotion, to adapt to the changeable environment. So far, many researchers have studied the movement of snakes. For example, Yang et al. reported a snake-like biomimetic soft robot synthesized by three layers of graphene oxide (GO) and polydopamine. [13,[30][31][32][33] The soft material is capable of bidirectional deformation when near-infrared many researchers have studied the movement of snakes. [34] Wang et al. reported a snake-like soft robot consisting of a

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“…In nature, many organisms ranging from flatworms to mammals, are found to be capable of editing their own structures throughout metamorphosis development over the course of their life cycle in order to more efficiently interact with the environment [1] . One famous example is glowing sucker octopus ( Stauroteuthis Syrtensis ) [2] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐inspired Structure‐editing Fluorescent Hydrogel Actuators for Environment‐interactive Information Encryption

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Angewandte Chemie

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Many living organisms have the superb structure-editing capacity for better adaptation in dynamic environments over the course of their life cycle. However, it's still challenging to replicate such natural structure-editing capacity into artificial hydrogel actuating systems for enhancing environment-interactive functions. Herein, we learn from the metamorphosis development of glowing octopus to construct proof-ofconcept fluorescent hydrogel actuators with life-like structure-editing capacity by developing a universal stepwise inside-out growth strategy. These actuators could perform origami-like 3D shape deformation and also enable the postnatal growth of new structures to adapt additional actuating states for different visual information delivery by using different environment keys (e.g., temperature, pH). This study opens previously unidentified-avenues of bio-inspired hydrogel actuators/robotics and extends the potential uses for environment-interactive information encryption.

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Shape‐Changing Robots: Shape Changing Robots: Bioinspiration, Simulation, and Physical Realization (Adv. Mater. 19/2021)

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

Microelectronic Morphogenesis: Smart Materials with Electronics Assembling into Artificial Organisms

An Underwater Bionic Snake Soft Robot with Tunable Deformation and Motion Based on Composite Materials

Bio‐inspired Structure‐editing Fluorescent Hydrogel Actuators for Environment‐interactive Information Encryption

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