Shade trees preserve avian insectivore biodiversity on coffee farms in a warming climate

Schooler, Sarah L.; Johnson, Matthew D.; Njoroge, Peter; Bean, William T.

doi:10.1002/ece3.6879

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(218 reference statements)

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“…Coffee berry borer reproductive rates are associated with warming temperatures (Jaramillo et al 2009(Jaramillo et al , 2011, and data indicate that coffee under the canopy of both Cordia and Grevillea trees had a more restricted temperature range than in the sun, with marginally cooler mean temperatures under Cordia than Grevillea. These buffered temperatures could affect the productivity of pests that would proliferate under warmer temperatures (Jaramillo et al 2009) and help adapt to expected climate warming (Schooler et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, in the field from the centroid of each quadrant, 3–4 avian observation points were selected, defined as locations with 3–4 Cordia or Grevillea trees that could be visually monitored simultaneously for avian foraging observations and also met the survey criteria: 23–40 cm diameter at breast height (dbh), at least 50 m from the site edge, and within 20 m of each other. This dbh range was selected to minimise the confounding effects of tree size and corresponds to the 25 th and 75 th percentiles of trees measured in a companion study of these farms in 2017–2018 (Schooler et al 2020, Kammerichs-Berke unpubl. data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Farmers’ criteria for selecting shade tree species tend to revolve around ecological or economic benefits provided by the trees, as well as aspects of tree phenology indirectly related to microclimates, which can promote increased crop yield (Beer 1987, Soto-Pinto et al 2000, Pinard et al 2014b). Shade tree products such as fruit and timber can also buffer the impact of coffee income volatility, particularly for coffee farmers with small land holdings (Jassogne et al 2012, Davis et al 2017), and recent evidence suggest shade trees may help farmers adapt to a warming climate (Rahn et al 2018, Schooler et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of shade tree species on bird communities in central Kenyan coffee farms

KAMMERICHS-BERKE

LANE

ONG’ONDO

et al. 2022

Bird Conservation International

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Summary Shade coffee is a well-studied cultivation strategy that creates habitat for tropical birds while also maintaining agricultural yield. Although there is a general consensus that shade coffee is more “bird-friendly” than a sun coffee monoculture, little work has investigated the effects of specific shade tree species on insectivorous bird diversity. This study involved avian foraging observations, mist-netting data, temperature loggers, and arthropod sampling to investigate bottom-up effects of two shade tree taxa - native Cordia sp. and introduced Grevillea robusta - on insectivorous bird communities in central Kenya. Results indicate that foliage-dwelling arthropod abundance, and the richness and overall abundance of foraging birds were all higher on Cordia than on Grevillea. Furthermore, multivariate analyses of the bird community indicate a significant difference in community composition between the canopies of the two tree species, though the communities of birds using the coffee understorey under these shade trees were similar. In addition, both shade trees buffered temperatures in coffee, and temperatures under Cordia were marginally cooler than under Grevillea. These results suggest that native Cordia trees on East African shade coffee farms may be better at mitigating habitat loss and attracting insectivorous birds that could promote ecosystem services. Identifying differences in prey abundance and preferences in bird foraging behaviour not only fills basic gaps in our understanding of the ecology of East African coffee farms, it also aids in developing region-specific information to optimize functional diversity, ecosystem services, and the conservation of birds in agricultural landscapes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of shade tree species on bird communities in central Kenyan coffee farms

KAMMERICHS-BERKE

LANE

ONG’ONDO

et al. 2022

Bird Conservation International

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“…Records of species' occurrences in space and time are essential to understanding our planet's biodiversity and addressing global environmental issues. These primary biodiversity data have been used to prioritize areas for conservation (Daru et al, 2019;Jung et al, 2021), predict climate-driven changes in species distributions in space and time (Park et al, 2019(Park et al, , 2022Zanatta et al, 2020), assess the drivers of biological invasions (Cardador & Blackburn, 2020;Park & Potter, 2015a, 2015b, evaluate the impacts of agriculture (Duchenne et al, 2020;Schooler et al, 2020), and model the origins and spread of disease (Redding et al, 2016;Zhou et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Hotspot Occurrence Inventory (AHOI)

Park

Xie

Thammavong

et al. 2022

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim: Species occurrence records are essential to understanding Earth's biodiversity and addressing global environmental issues, but do not always reflect actual locations of occurrence. Certain geographical coordinates are assigned repeatedly to thousands of observation/collection records. This may result from imperfect data management and georeferencing practices, and can greatly bias the inferred distribution of biodiversity and associated environmental conditions. Nonetheless, these 'biodiverse' coordinates are often overlooked in taxon-centric studies, as they are identifiable only in aggregate across taxa and datasets, and it is difficult to determine their true circumstance without in-depth, focused investigation. Here we assess highly recurring coordinates in biodiversity data to determine artificial hotspots of occurrences.Location: Global.

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“…Local climates exist at scales of meters to up to a few kilometers and are defined by the set of properties that influence atmospheric conditions at a small scale, including biotic properties (Bailey, 2009 ; Chen et al, 1993 ; Geiger et al, 1995 ) and topography (e.g., aspect and landform; Barry & Blanken, 2016 ; Thornthwaite, 1954 ). Local climates are thought to influence aspects of population change and community structure for a variety of organisms and biological processes, including fitness (Høyvik Hilde et al, 2016 ), predation (George et al, 2017 ), genetic diversity (Lampei et al, 2019 ), and species diversity (Schooler et al, 2020 ). Despite the potential importance of local climates, our understanding of their relevance to climate change adaptation in forests and other ecosystems is still limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic and vegetation drivers of thermal heterogeneity along the boreal–grassland transition zone in western Canada: Implications for climate change refugia

Estevo

Stralberg

Nielsen

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Climate change refugia are areas that are relatively buffered from contemporary climate change and may be important safe havens for wildlife and plants under anthropogenic climate change. Topographic variation is an important driver of thermal heterogeneity, but it is limited in relatively flat landscapes, such as the boreal plain and prairie regions of western Canada. Topographic variation within this region is mostly restricted to river valleys and hill systems, and their effects on local climates are not well documented. We sought to quantify thermal heterogeneity as a function of topography and vegetation cover within major valleys and hill systems across the boreal–grassland transition zone. Using iButton data loggers, we monitored local temperature at four hills and 12 river valley systems that comprised a wide range of habitats and ecosystems in Alberta, Canada ( N = 240), between 2014 and 2020. We then modeled monthly temperature by season as a function of topography and different vegetation cover types using general linear mixed effect models. Summer maximum temperatures ( T max ) varied nearly 6°C across the elevation gradient sampled. Local summer mean ( T mean ) and maximum ( T max ) temperatures on steep, north‐facing slopes (i.e., low levels of potential solar radiation) were up to 0.70°C and 2.90°C cooler than highly exposed areas, respectively. T max in incised valleys was between 0.26 and 0.28°C cooler than other landforms, whereas areas with greater terrain roughness experienced maximum temperatures that were up to 1.62°C cooler. We also found that forest cover buffered temperatures locally, with coniferous and mixedwood forests decreasing summer T mean from 0.23 to 0.72°C and increasing winter T min by up to 2°C, relative to non‐forested areas. Spatial predictions of temperatures from iButton data loggers were similar to a gridded climate product (ClimateNA), but the difference between them increased with potential solar radiation, vegetation cover, and terrain roughness. Species that can track their climate niche may be able to compensate for regional climate warming through local migrations to cooler microsites. Topographic and vegetation characteristics that are related to cooler local climates should be considered in the evaluation of future climate change impacts and to identify potential refugia from climate change.

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Shade trees preserve avian insectivore biodiversity on coffee farms in a warming climate

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 11 publications

References 95 publications

The effect of shade tree species on bird communities in central Kenyan coffee farms

The effect of shade tree species on bird communities in central Kenyan coffee farms

Artificial Hotspot Occurrence Inventory (AHOI)

Topographic and vegetation drivers of thermal heterogeneity along the boreal–grassland transition zone in western Canada: Implications for climate change refugia

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