SFE-plus-C₁₈ Lipid Cleanup and Selective Extraction Method for GC/MS Quantitation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Smoked Meat

Abstract

In biological matrixes lipid material often poses an interference problem for determinations of nonpolar compounds, e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A newly developed supercritical fluid extraction plus adsorbent method, "SFE-plus-C(18)", offers selective extraction of PAHs in lipid-rich biological matrixes without the need for supplementary cleanup. This method eliminates the use of large volumes of toxic solvent and lengthy lipid removal procedures. This study reports the first application of the SFE-plus-C(18) method to the analysis of a genuine food product, i.e., smoked meat (beef). The procedure employs the addition of C(18) adsorbent beads to the initial sample slurry of pureed smoked meat prior to supercritical CO(2) extraction and GC/MS quantitation. During SF extraction, indigenous lipids are preferentially retained on the beads, and PAHs are selectively extracted with supercritical CO(2). In a comparison of determinations of PAHs by SFE-plus-C(18) vs the conventional SFE method, only 11-17% of the indigenous lipids observed by the conventional SFE method were co-extracted using the SFE-plus-C(18) method. The PAHs in smoked meat could thus be determined efficiently in the presence of a reduced background of co-extracted lipids. Out of 10 targeted PAHs, seven were detected with a range of 10.0-26.0 ng/g in the smoked meat sample. The other three PAHs were not present above the detection limit of the instrument (2.5-4.1 pg). The recoveries of PAHs obtained using the conventional SFE method were 63-94% lower than those achieved by SFE-plus-C(18).

One-step SFE-plus-C 18 selective extraction of low-polarity compounds, with lipid removal, from smoked fish and bovine milk

“…Note that the full-scale intensities of the upper and lower chromatograms are identically scaled to enable direct comparison of results replaced by inert filter paper. The molecular structures and the EI mass spectra of these PAH standards have been shown previously [49].…”

“…Our group has been engaged in the development and testing of a novel one-step extraction and cleanup method that we call SFE-plus-C 18 [47,48,49]. The method has been shown to enable selective extraction of PAH while largely retaining lipid components from spiked crab tissue [47,48] and smoked meat [49]; both samples have a high lipid content.…”

“…The method has been shown to enable selective extraction of PAH while largely retaining lipid components from spiked crab tissue [47,48] and smoked meat [49]; both samples have a high lipid content. This is achieved by placing C 18 nonpolar adsorbent beads directly inside the SFE chamber during extraction with supercritical CO 2 .…”

Fast and Selective Analytical Procedures for Determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Food and Feed Using Recent Extraction Techniques

“…The results were both reproducible and comparable to conventional tedious methodologies. Apart from C r silica based columns a number of other fat retainers have been studied as discussed below (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39).…”

The selective cleanup of complex matrices and simultaneous separation of benzo[a]pyrene by solid-phase extraction with MgO microspheres as sorbents

“…In general, many traditional cleanup methods have been exploited to quantify free BaP accurately. These methods mainly consist of three steps [4][5][6][7][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Firstly, impurities are removed by column chromatography (including silica gel, florisil, alumina, XAD-2, dinitro-aryl-modified silica and porous graphitic carbon), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), supercritical fluids and selective adsorbents.…”