SF/sub 6//N/sub 2/ mixtures: basic and HV insulation properties

Christophorou, L. G.; Brunt, R. J. Van

doi:10.1109/94.469988

Cited by 315 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…A well-documented synthesis on SF 6 -N 2 mixtures has been published by L. G. Christophoru and R. J. Van Brunt [3]. These authors reported that such mixtures may help to reduce SF 6 rate of release into atmosphere from power-system applications and serve as an intermediate step in the environmental control of this gas.…”

Section: Gas Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

2017

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Abstract:The growing environmental challenge of electrical energy systems has prompted a substantial increase in renewable energy generation. Such generation systems allow for significant reduction of CO 2 emissions compared with a traditional fossil fuel plant. Furthermore, several improvements in power systems network configuration and operation combined with new technologies have enabled reduction of losses and energy demand, thus contributing to reduction of CO 2 emissions. Another environmental threat identified in electrical networks is the leaking of insulating sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas used in electrical gas insulated substations (GIS) and equipment. Because of its Global Warming Potential (GWP) of nearly 24,000 and its long life in the atmosphere (over 3000 years), SF 6 gas was recognized as a greenhouse gas at the 1997 COP3; since then its use and emissions in the atmosphere have been regulated by international treaties. It is expected that as soon as an alternative insulating gas is found, SF 6 use in high-voltage (HV) equipment will be banned. This paper presents an overview of the key research advances made in recent years in the quest to find eco-friendly gases to replace SF 6 . The review reports the main properties of candidate gases that are being investigated; in particular, natural gases (dry air, N 2 or CO 2 ) and polyfluorinated gases especially Trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I), Perfluorinated Ketones, Octafluorotetra-hydrofuran, Hydrofluoroolefin (HFOs), and Fluoronitriles are presented and their strengths and weaknesses are discussed with an emphasis on their dielectric properties (especially their dielectric strength), GWP, and boiling point with respect to the minimum operating temperature for HV power network applications.

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Section: Gas Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

2017

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“…With a suitable choice of parameters such as SF 6 concentration, pressure, and electrode gap, it would be possible to get mixtures that had a reduced impact on the environment (i.e., a low greenhouse effect) and would present a good compromise between insulating properties and minimum operating temperature. Many investigations have been conducted on SF 6 -N 2 mixtures [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Breakdown Voltage of CO2, N2, and SF6 Gases, and CO2–SF6 and N2–SF6 Mixtures under Different Voltage Waveforms

2018

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This paper is devoted to a comparison study of the breakdown voltage of CO 2 , N 2 , and SF 6 gases, and CO 2 -SF 6 and N 2 -SF 6 mixtures under different voltage waveforms, namely AC, DC, and lightning impulse voltages, in point-plane and sphere-sphere electrode arrangements. The influence of pressure, voltage polarity, and percentage of SF 6 in CO 2 and N 2 were studied, and equivalencies between the breakdown voltage of SF 6 and those of the considered mixtures were analyzed. It is shown that the breakdown voltage of SF 6 is the highest, whatever the applied voltage waveforms. Similarly, for a given voltage waveform, the breakdown voltage of SF 6 is the highest. The AC breakdown voltage is the lowest for all gases. The addition of small amounts of SF 6 to CO 2 and N 2 significantly improved the breakdown voltages of both natural gases. For a given breakdown voltage, the ratio between the pressure of CO 2 to that of SF 6 was generally lower than the pressure of N 2 to SF 6 , whatever the voltage waveforms.

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“…The breakdown voltage of SF^, is nearly three times higher than air at atmospheric pressure [6]. Furthermore, it has good Besides the use of SF^, by the electric power industry, other uses of SFsinclude: semiconductor processing, blanket gas for magnesium casting, reactive gas in aluminum recycling to reduce porosity, thermal and sound insulation, airplane tires, spare tires, "air sole"shoes, scuba diving voice communication, leak checking, atmospheric tracer gas studies, ball inflation, torpedo propeller quieting, wind supersonic channels, and high voltage insulation for many other purposes, such as AWACS radar domes and X-ray machines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Similarly Blankenburg [56] found that the flashover behavior of cylindrical insulators in SF^-Nj mixtures subjected to AC voltage was found [88] [59] ; see also discussion in [6]). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the decomposition of SF^-Nj mixtures, there exist only limited data on the decomposition products of SFfi-Nj mixtures (see discussion in [6] [54] A comprehensive review and discussion of gases for arc interruption prior to 1982 was given in [3]. One of the significant results of this study is the observed strong dependence of the arc interruption performance of a gaseous medium on the total gas pressure, P. The rather limited data in this report [3] indicated that the arc [69] for the interruption capability of SFfi-CF4 mixtures in puffer type gas-blast circuit breakers, and Middleton et al [70] for work on SFf,-CF4 circuit breakers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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