Sexually transmitted hepatitis: a review.

Gilson, Richard

doi:10.1136/sti.68.2.123

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…We found that the odds of anti-HBc positivity increased with younger age at sexual debut, owing to increasing exposure to cumulative risk (10% of protective effect per year of delay of first sexual intercourse according to the multivariable model). Only 4.6% of the participants with anti-HBc positivity also had HBsAg positive results, in accordance with reports of the percentage of HBV infected people having chronic disease [4] , [23] . Interestingly, increasing anti-HBc prevalence was found when the analysis was performed according to population at sexual risk, being higher among MSMs than women receiving money or goods for sex or general population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Blood, semen and saliva have been found to be infectious [4]. Among adults, HBV transmission is associated primarily with sexual experience and injection drug use (IDU) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HBV is transmitted through percutaneous or mucosal exposure to infectious blood or other body fluids [3] . Blood, semen and saliva have been found to be infectious [4] . Among adults, HBV transmission is associated primarily with sexual experience and injection drug use (IDU) [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HBV Infection in Relation to Consistent Condom Use: A Population-Based Study in Peru

et al. 2011

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BackgroundData on hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence are limited in developing countries. There is also limited information of consistent condom use efficacy for reducing HBV transmission at the population level. The study goal was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with HBV infection in Peru, and the relationship between anti-HBc positivity and consistent condom use.Methods and FindingsData from two different surveys performed in 28 mid-sized Peruvian cities were analyzed. Participants aged 18–29 years were selected using a multistage cluster sampling. Information was collected through a validated two-part questionnaire. The first part (face-to-face) concerned demographic data, while the second part (self-administered using handheld computers) concerned sexual behavior. Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) was tested in 7,000 blood samples. Prevalences and associations were adjusted for sample strata, primary sampling units and population weights. Anti-HBc prevalence was 5.0% (95%CI 4.1%–5.9%), with the highest prevalence among jungle cities: 16.3% (95%CI 13.8%–19.1%). In the multivariable analysis, Anti-HBc positivity was directly associated with geographic region (highlands OR = 2.05; 95%CI 1.28–3.27, and jungle OR = 4.86; 95%CI 3.05–7.74; compared to coastal region); and inversely associated with age at sexual debut (OR = 0.90; 95%CI 0.85–0.97). Consistent condom use, evaluated in about 40% of participants, was associated with reduced prevalence (OR = 0.34; 95%CI 0.15–0.79) after adjusting for gender, geographic region, education level, lifetime number of sex partners, age at sexual debut and year of survey.ConclusionResidence in highlands or jungle cities is associated with higher anti-HBc prevalences, whereas increasing age at sexual debut were associated with lower prevalences. Consistent condom use was associated with decreased risk of anti-HBc. Findings from this study emphasize the need of primary prevention programs (vaccination) especially in the jungle population, and imply that condom use promotion might be a potential strategy to prevent HBV infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Blood, semen and saliva have been found to be infectious [4]. Among adults, HBV transmission is associated primarily with sexual experience and injection drug use (IDU) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HBV Infection in Relation to Consistent Condom Use: A Population-Based Study in Peru

et al. 2011

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“…This is in contrast with parts of Europe and the United States, where the reported prevalence of HBV markers in similar populations, ranged from 8-30%.12-14 This may reflect the very low prevalence of HBV infection in the general population in the UK. 15 The control group was drawn from males attending for blood donation. This is a self-selected group as patients with high risk behaviour such as male homosexual and IVDU patients, are requested not to give blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B markers in heterosexual patients attending two genitourinary medicine clinics in the West Midlands.

El-Dalil

Jayaweera

Walzman

et al. 1997

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…Sexually active gay men are particularly likely to contract hepatitis B13 and hepatitis A (possibly spread through oral-anal contact and digital-rectal intercourse) is also increasing amongst this group 14. Vaccination against both hepatitis A and B should be offered to those without serological evidence of immunity.…”

Section: Who Benefits From Combined Vaccination?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined hepatitis A and B vaccines

1997

DTB

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Sexually transmitted hepatitis: a review.

Cited by 6 publications

References 79 publications

HBV Infection in Relation to Consistent Condom Use: A Population-Based Study in Peru

HBV Infection in Relation to Consistent Condom Use: A Population-Based Study in Peru

Hepatitis B markers in heterosexual patients attending two genitourinary medicine clinics in the West Midlands.

Combined hepatitis A and B vaccines

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