Sexual orientation, labour supply and occupational sorting in Canada

Dilmaghani, Maryam

doi:10.1111/irj.12223

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Closely related to the earnings differentials are labour supply differentials. Research shows that there are differences in labour supply due to sexual orientation (Tebaldi and Elmslie 2006;Klawitter 2011;Martell 2014;Martell and Roncolato 2016;Dilmaghani 2018). Working many hours may reduce job satisfaction, and we may expect that differences in job satisfaction between gay males, lesbians and heterosexuals may arise due to differences in their number of hours worked.…”

Section: Why Should We Expect Job Satisfaction To Vary With Sexual Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Orientation and Job Satisfaction: Survey-Based Evidence from Sweden

2020

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We present results from a unique nationwide survey conducted in Sweden on sexual orientation and job satisfaction. Our results show that gay men are more likely to be very satisfied with their job than heterosexual men, both in general and with different aspects of the job. In contrast, lesbians appear less satisfied with their job in general and with promotion prospects than heterosexual women. Among women, we find no differences in the probability of being very satisfied with the job by sexual orientation. However, the issue of sexual orientation and job satisfaction is complex since gay men, despite that they more often are very satisfied with the job, like lesbians find their job more mentally straining than heterosexuals. We conclude that gay men and lesbians are facing other stressers at work than heterosexuals do. We also conclude that the worker's own expectations about the job and possibilities to fulfill career plans may be possible driving forces to our results. Previous research has documented discrimination against gay males and lesbians in hiring. Our results underline that measures to prevent discrimination in hiring is not enough to create an equal working life for homosexuals and heterosexuals. Measures within the workplace are also needed.

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Section: Why Should We Expect Job Satisfaction To Vary With Sexual Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Orientation and Job Satisfaction: Survey-Based Evidence from Sweden

2020

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“…Some caution needs to be exercised with interpreting these result due to small samples sizes (90 gay men, 118 lesbians). Using similar data, Dilmaghani [25] explored differences in labour supply by sexual orientation. She found that lesbians had a greater labour supply and gay men a weaker labour supply, than their heterosexual counterparts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…She found that lesbians had a greater labour supply and gay men a weaker labour supply, than their heterosexual counterparts. Dilmaghani [25] also found that gay men and lesbians sorted into gender atypical occupations. Lastly, Allen [12] used couple data from the 2006 census to explore household production by sexual orientation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and thematic synthesis of Canada’s LGBTQ2S+ employment, labour market and earnings literature

Waite

Ecker²,

Ross

2019

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundThe last two decades have witnessed a considerable growth in the literature focusing on LGBTQ2S+ employment, labour market inequality, and income. During the same period, Canada has emerged as a trailblazer in employment protections for both sexual and gender minorities. Unfortunately, the Canadian literature on LGBTQ2S+ employment outcomes and experiences is disperse and underdeveloped.ObjectiveThis paper brings together this disperse research and provides the first systematic review of Canada’s LGBTQ2S+ employment and earnings literature.MethodsWe start with a systematic review and thematic synthesis of the broadly defined literature on LGBTQ2S+ poverty in Canada. We use a thematic synthesis to isolate the LGBTQ2S+ literature on employment, labour market inequality, and earnings. Our search of electronic databases took place in April 2018 and was updated in January 2019.ResultsA total of 532 abstracts and full texts were screened by reviewers, which resulted in 84 articles included in our final sample. These articles were then sorted by keywords and those pertaining to employment, labour market inequality, and income (n = 31) were included in this analysis. While estimates of sexual minority wage gaps vary depending on the data and methods used, most studies have found wage penalties for gay men and wage premiums for lesbians, relative to their heterosexual counterparts. The literature on bisexual employment is particularly scant but finds that bisexual men and women also earn less than their heterosexual counterparts. Research on the subjective workplace experiences of LGBTQ2S+ individuals find unique challenges, barriers and, at times, exclusion from the Canadian labour market.Conclusions and implicationsWhile the literature on LGBTQ2S+ employment outcomes and experiences in Canada is growing, much is left unknown. The principal limitation for researchers continues to be the dearth of population-based surveys that include questions on sexual orientation, gender identity, and relevant employment characteristics. To date, few studies have explored employment outcomes or the subjective workplace experiences of bisexuals, transgender, two-spirit or other gender minority peoples.

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“…This sorting allows the LGBT individuals to overcome the minority stress associated with their devalued identity in the workplace (Ladge and Little, 2019). In addition, gay men are generally found more likely to be employed in female-dominated occupations, and lesbians are more present in male-dominated jobs (Antecol et al, 2008;Plug et al, 2014;Dilmaghani, 2018c). But, the occupational segregation may also be a consequence of employer discrimination (Reskin, 1993;Tilcsik, 2011).…”

Section: Literature Background and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The empirical evidence for the effects of the sex composition of unions on household specialization is growing ( Jepsen and Jepsen, 2006;Oreffice, 2011;Giddings et al, 2014;Martell and Roncolato, 2016). This channel adds to the implications of the differential patterns of labour supply and occupational sorting by sexual orientation (Tebaldi and Elmslie, 2006;Carpenter, 2008;Dilmaghani, 2018c;Martell, 2014;Klawitter, 2011), for WLB satisfaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the link between sexual orientation, work-life balance satisfaction and work-life segmentation

Dilmaghani

2019

IJM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to, using several cycles of the Canadian General Social Survey (GSS) covering 2010–2015, examine the patterns of work-life balance (WLB) satisfaction and work-life segmentation by sexual orientation. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, multivariate regression analysis is used. Findings The analysis shows that men living with a male partner are more satisfied with their WLB than their heterosexual counterparts. No statistically significant difference is found between women who live with a female partner and their heterosexual counterparts, in WLB satisfaction. Work-life segmentation is operationalized by the odds of being at the top levels of the life satisfaction scale without being satisfied with the circumstances of one’s job. Controlling for a wide range of characteristics, working Canadians living with a same-sex partner, regardless of their genders, are found more likely to have segmented their work and life domains than their heterosexual counterparts. Originality/value The paper, for the first time, investigates how sexual orientation relates to WLB satisfaction and work-life segmentation. This study exploits a unique opportunity offered by the Canadian GSSs in which WLB satisfaction is directly surveyed, all the while partnered sexual minorities are identifiable.

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Sexual orientation, labour supply and occupational sorting in Canada

Cited by 16 publications

References 84 publications

Sexual Orientation and Job Satisfaction: Survey-Based Evidence from Sweden

Sexual Orientation and Job Satisfaction: Survey-Based Evidence from Sweden

A systematic review and thematic synthesis of Canada’s LGBTQ2S+ employment, labour market and earnings literature

Exploring the link between sexual orientation, work-life balance satisfaction and work-life segmentation

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