Sexual Orientation and Earnings. A Meta-Analysis 2012-2020

Drydakis, Nick

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3874368

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…We consider income, overtime, and promotion prospects as common job characteristics that influence individual job decisions. Recent research shows differences in these outcomes by sexual orientation and gender identity [ 11 , 25 ]. We additionally use an LGBTQ*-friendly work climate and diversity management to measure two dimensions of nondiscriminatory working environments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1990s, income inequality based on sexual orientation has been examined in numerous studies and recent research has found that gay men earn less than heterosexual men, whereas there are mixed results for lesbian women compared to heterosexual women [ 25 ]. Other studies have shown that bisexual women and men tend to earn less than heterosexual individuals of the same gender [ 25 ]. Some of the first studies focusing on the income of transgender people found that they have a lower (household) income than cisgender individuals [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ people

Zindel,

de Vries

2024

PLoS ONE

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Recent research in economics and sociology demonstrates the existence of significant occupational segregation by sexual orientation and gender identity and differences in a range of labor market outcomes, such as hiring chances, earnings, and leadership positions. In this paper, we examine one possible cause of these differences that is associated with the disadvantaged position of sexual and gender minorities in the labor market: LGBTQ* individuals’ choices aimed at avoiding possible discrimination. This paper examines LGBTQ* people’s relative importance of income, time, promotion prospects, an LGBTQ*-friendly work environment, and diversity management in the decision for or against a job. Based on a discrete choice experiment conducted in a large online sample recruited through social media in Germany (N = 4,507), an LGBTQ*-friendly work climate accounted, on average, for 33.8 percent of respondents’ decisions which is comparable with the relative importance of income. Overtime, a diversity management on company level and promotion prospects are less important in the job decision process of LGBTQ* people. While the results show only small differences by sexual orientation, they show group-specific preferences by gender identity. An LGBTQ*-friendly work climate is more important for cisgender women of the LGBTQ* community and gender minorities than for cisgender men of the LGBTQ* community. In contrast, income is less important for gender minorities and cisgender women of the LGBTQ* community than for cisgender men of the LGBTQ* community.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ people

Zindel,

de Vries

2024

PLoS ONE

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“…To the extent that there are earnings differentials among workers based on the sexual orientation of those workers, a possible explanation is invidious employment discrimination. That question has been of interest in academia as well as among policymakers concerned with the measurable manifestations of cultural attitudes (Bailey et al, 2013;Brewer and Lyons, 2016;Drydakis, 2020;Sandfort et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earnings differentials associated with sexual orientation in the Pakistan labour market

Wahid

Mantell

Kowalewski

2022

Econ. labour relat. rev.

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This study addresses the question of whether self-identified LGBT status has some power to explain differences between the earnings of male LGTB workers and their occupational counterpart non-LGBT male workers in the Pakistan labour market. The Pakistan labour market is known to be ‘traditional’ in the sense that its operations and the attitudes of participants reflect the confluence of various sociological, political, religious, cultural and patriarchal systems. However, the quantitative significance, if any, of overt sexual orientation and its correlation with earnings remains unclear. This study addresses that question. We find that employed male workers in our sample who are known to be (or thought by employers to be) members of the LGBT community experience significant earnings disadvantages relative to counterpart heterosexual workers. JEL Code: J71

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Same-sex Marriage/Partnership

Marcén

Morales

2022

Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics

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Sexual Orientation and Earnings. A Meta-Analysis 2012-2020

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ people

Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ people

Earnings differentials associated with sexual orientation in the Pakistan labour market

Same-sex Marriage/Partnership

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Sexual Orientation and Earnings. A Meta-Analysis 2012-2020

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ*-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ* people

Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ*-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ* people

Earnings differentials associated with sexual orientation in the Pakistan labour market

Same-sex Marriage/Partnership

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ people

Career sacrifice for an LGBTQ-friendly work environment? a choice experiment to investigate the job preferences of LGBTQ people