Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size: Variability within and between groups

Lukacs, John R.

doi:10.1002/ajhb.23793

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have reported differences in tooth and bone size between males and females [ 8 , 17 ]. These differences in the skeletal structure may serve as a preliminary reference for estimating sex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic and robust estimation of sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs using a multi-task deep learning network: a study on a South Korean population

Park,

Yang,

Kim

et al. 2024

Int J Legal Med

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Sex and chronological age estimation are crucial in forensic investigations and research on individual identification. Although manual methods for sex and age estimation have been proposed, these processes are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and error-prone. The purpose of this study was to estimate sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs automatically and robustly using a multi-task deep learning network (ForensicNet). ForensicNet consists of a backbone and both sex and age attention branches to learn anatomical context features of sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs and enables the multi-task estimation of sex and chronological age in an end-to-end manner. To mitigate bias in the data distribution, our dataset was built using 13,200 images with 100 images for each sex and age range of 15–80 years. The ForensicNet with EfficientNet-B3 exhibited superior estimation performance with mean absolute errors of 2.93 ± 2.61 years and a coefficient of determination of 0.957 for chronological age, and achieved accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity values of 0.992, 0.993, and 0.990, respectively, for sex prediction. The network demonstrated that the proposed sex and age attention branches with a convolutional block attention module significantly improved the estimation performance for both sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs of elderly patients. Consequently, we expect that ForensicNet will contribute to the automatic and accurate estimation of both sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic and robust estimation of sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs using a multi-task deep learning network: a study on a South Korean population

Park,

Yang,

Kim

et al. 2024

Int J Legal Med

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“…To obtain a good orthodontic effect of malocclusion, the size and proportion of maxillary and mandibular teeth need to be coordinated, and the collected data can provide a reference for its treatment (5). Gender dimorphism in deciduous crown size is often used to identify the sex of subadults from archaeological sites and forensic settings because sex identification by measuring tooth anatomy is relatively highly accurate (6,7). For the measurement of the morphology of primary teeth, scholars from various countries use manual measurement methods represented by Vernier callipers to measure the primary teeth and established reference values for the morphological data of primary teeth in this area (8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the morphological data of primary teeth in northwest China

Yang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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ObjectiveThis study aims to digitally obtain the morphological data of children's primary teeth in northwest China and evaluate the reliability of digitally obtaining the anatomical morphological data of primary teeth.MethodsA total of 308 extracted primary teeth and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 407 primary teeth were collected in northwest China. Electronic digital Vernier callipers (accuracy: 0.01 mm) were used to measure the mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters and crown length of the extracted primary teeth and calculate the crown area and crown index. Each sample was scanned with an intraoral scanner (Trios2 3shape, Denmark), and the resulting stl format files were imported into Geomagic Wrap 2015 to measure the axial and buccolingual diameters and crown length. The crown area and crown index were then calculated. After verifying the accuracy of the CBCT image measurement, the CBCT image data of 407 samples were measured in SmartV software using the “measure length” function by referring to the coronal, sagittal, and horizontal planes to adjust the position of the reference line.ResultsNorthern Chinese have larger primary teeth than other populations (Japanese, white American, African, Icelander, Spanish, and Dominican Mestizo) but smaller primary teeth than native Australians. Compared to Indian primary teeth, northwest Chinese's primary teeth have larger diameters on the central axis and smaller diameters on the buccolingual surface. Male teeth are usually larger than female teeth. Compared with the results of Wang Huiyun's study, the axial and buccolingual diameters and crown length of all native tooth types in this total sample were significantly smaller at the 0.1% level, and only the axial diameters of the upper first molar and lower second molar and the crown length of the lower lateral incisor were significantly smaller at the 1% level. The results of the intraclass correlation coefficient of 308 extracted primary teeth expressed an excellent degree of agreement between the callipers and intraoral scanner for the following: mesiodistal diameter (0.956–0.991), buccolingual diameter (0.963–0.989), crown length [0.864–0.992, except for the upper canine (0.690)], crown index (0.850–0.975), and crown area (0.946–0.993).ConclusionThe digital measurements of the intraoral scanner and CBCT image are in good agreement with the manual measurement of the Vernier calliper. The difference between the anatomical morphology size of the primary teeth measured in this study and the results of different populations could be due to different genetic backgrounds and environmental factors.

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No relationship found between dental fluctuating asymmetry, birthweight, and birth term in two modern North American samples

McPherson,

O'Donnell,

Moes

et al. 2024

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectiveDeciduous dental crowns primarily develop during gestation and early infancy and embody early life stress exposures. Composite measures of dental fluctuating asymmetry (DFA) generated from the deciduous teeth may therefore indicate cumulative gestational stress in developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) studies. This study examines whether higher composite measures of deciduous DFA are associated with low birthweight and prematurity, two aspects of birth phenotype consistently associated with increased morbidity and mortality risks in adulthood.Subjects and MethodsWe evaluated associations between composite deciduous DFA, birthweight, and birth term in two contemporary North American samples: an autopsy sample from New Mexico (n = 94), and sample from a growth cohort study in Burlington, Ontario (n = 304). Dental metric data for each sample was collected from postmortem CT scans and dental casts, respectively. Composite DFA was estimated using buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) crown diameters from paired deciduous teeth.ResultsContrary to expectations, the results of linear regression indicated no significant relationship between birthweight and DFA, or birth term and DFA, in either sample.ConclusionsDeciduous DFA does not predict aspects of birth phenotype associated with gestational stress. Birthweight and birth term are plastic relative to the more developmentally stable deciduous dentition, which may only subtly embody early life stress. We suggest that deciduous DFA should be utilized with caution in DOHaD studies until its relationship with gestational stress is clarified.

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Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size: Variability within and between groups

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Automatic and robust estimation of sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs using a multi-task deep learning network: a study on a South Korean population

Automatic and robust estimation of sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs using a multi-task deep learning network: a study on a South Korean population

Measurement of the morphological data of primary teeth in northwest China

No relationship found between dental fluctuating asymmetry, birthweight, and birth term in two modern North American samples

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