Sexual Dimorphism in Cafeteria Diet-Induced Hypertension Is Associated with Gender-Related Difference in Renal Leptin Receptor Down-Regulation

Coatmellec-Taglioni, Gwenn; Dausse, Jean‐Pierre; Giudicelli, Yves; Ribière, Catherine

doi:10.1124/jpet.102.045682

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A third possibility is that factors derived from the increased adipose tissue in girls such as leptin and angiotensinogen serve to promote natriuresis. This alternative is supported by the results of a very interesting recent study 25 in which male, female, and testosterone-treated female rats were fed a normal diet supplemented with a "cafeteria" diet composed of human foods including cheese, ham, sausage, potato chips, and candies. Fat mass increased in each group and was accompanied by the development of HTN in both the males and the testosteronetreated females and was associated with downregulation of the renal leptin receptor.…”

Section: Perspectivessupporting

confidence: 68%

Adiposity Is Related to Gender Differences in Impaired Stress-Induced Pressure Natriuresis

et al. 2003

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Abstract-The purpose of this study was to determine if there are gender differences in stress-induced pressure natriuresis and to examine the effects of adiposity on these differences. The subjects were 151 boys and 141 girls 15 to 18 years of age who underwent a 5-hour stress protocol (2-hour prestress, 1-hour stress, 2-hour poststress) after being brought into similar levels of sodium balance. The gender-by-condition interaction was significant for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (Pϭ0.001 for both), and the effect of condition was significant for sodium excretion (Pϭ0.001). Key Words: gender Ⅲ obesity Ⅲ stress Ⅲ sodium Ⅲ blood pressure Ⅲ natriuresis Ⅲ hypertension, sodium-dependent W e hypothesized 1 that impaired stress-induced pressure natriuresis contributes to the development of essential hypertension (HTN) and blood pressure (BP)-related target organ damage by increasing the cardiovascular load experienced as a result of the stress. Our definition of impaired stress-induced pressure natriuresis is an increase in BP during an extended period of stress without an adequate compensatory increase in urinary sodium excretion (U Na V). We provided indirect support for our hypothesis in a recent study 1 in which black compared with white youths had slower natriuresis across a series of stressors. This pattern was associated with cardiac remodeling. We provided additional support for our hypothesis in another recent study 2 that demonstrated that a significant percentage of black youths showed impaired stress-induced pressure natriuresis during an extended stress period, with BP remaining elevated as long as 2 hours after the cessation of the stressor. Subsequently, we reported 3 that obese compared with lean youths had slower natriuresis during an extended stress period despite similar levels of BP.The well-documented gender differences in cardiovascular disease and HTN have received increased attention in recent years (for recent reviews, see References 4 through 7) 4 -7 . Furthermore, gender differences in cardiovascular responses to acute stress have long been recognized. 8,9 The first goal of this study was to determine if there are gender differences in changes in BP and U Na V during extended stress. A second goal was to determine if these differences are related to adiposity. A final goal was to examine the roles of angiotensin (Ang) II and insulin on the response patterns in a subgroup of boys and girls. Methods Study PopulationThe protocol was approved by the Human Assurance Committee of the Medical College of Georgia. Written informed parental consent and subject assent were obtained before testing. The subject characteristics are provided in ProtocolOur protocol has been described previously in detail. 2,3 Briefly, the subjects were placed on a controlled sodium diet of 4000Ϯ200 mg/d for 3 days before testing. 10 On the fourth day, the subjects performed the stress protocol. The stress protocol included a pretest period of 2 hours, during which the subjects watched movies and/or listened to

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Section: Perspectivessupporting

confidence: 68%

Adiposity Is Related to Gender Differences in Impaired Stress-Induced Pressure Natriuresis

et al. 2003

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“…Interestingly, this sexual dimorphism of the cafeteria diet-induced hypertension was suppressed by testosterone imprinting of female rats at birth (Plut et al, 2002). Moreover, gender difference in renal leptin receptors was also observed in cafeteria diet-fed rats because renal Ob-R was down-regulated only in hypertensive rats (Coatmellec-Taglioni et al, 2003). In the sexual dimorphism in hypertension of cafeteria diet-fed rats, gender differences in hypothalamic leptin signaling also occurred.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Systolic blood pressure, plasma leptin and insulin levels measurements were described in our previous study (Coatmellec-Taglioni et al, 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiological data obtained for male, intact female, and testosterone-treated female cafeteria diet-fed rats were described previously (Plut et al, 2002;Coatmellec-Taglioni et al, 2003) and are summarized in Table 2. Briefly, 10 weeks of cafeteria diet feeding lead to elevated body weight, increased fat pad weight, and elevated plasma leptin levels in the three groups of rats.…”

Section: Effects Of Cafeteria Diet Feeding On Physiological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothalamic Leptin Receptor and Signaling Molecule Expressions in Cafeteria Diet-Fed Rats

Plut

Ribière²,

Giudicelli³

et al. 2003

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Although obesity is associated with a state of leptin resistance, it has been suggested that leptin may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension. In previous studies, we reported that cafeteria diet feeding induces hyperleptinaemia and hyperinsulinemia in both male and female rats, with hypertension occurring only in male rats. However, when female rats were neonatally treated with testosterone (T), these animals develop hypertension when fed the cafeteria diet. These observations led us to investigate leptin signaling and some neuropeptides that are leptin targets in the hypothalamus of male, intact female, and T-treated female cafeteria diet-fed rats. A decrease in the hypothalamic leptin receptors (Ob-Ra and Ob-Rb) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA was observed only in male hypertensive cafeteria diet-fed rats. Although no alterations in Ob-R occurred in both groups of female cafeteria diet-fed rats, the hyperleptinaemic state of these animals had no influence on POMC mRNA levels. In intact female rats, expression of the suppressors of cytokines signaling SOCS-1, SOCS-2, SOCS-3, and cytokine inhibitor signaling were unaltered, whereas in T-treated females SOCS-3 was overexpressed. Finally SOCS-1 mRNA level was increased only in male rats. Because hyperinsulinemia was reported to counteract the leptin-induced stimulation of the sympathetic tone and because SOCS-1 and -3 are potential inhibitors of insulin signaling, our results suggest that the hypothalamic overexpression of SOCS-1 or SOCS-3 found in male or Ttreated female rats after cafeteria diet feeding could block the negative influence of the hyperinsulinemia on the central pressor action of leptin, thereby contributing to their hypertensive state.Obesity is associated with profound alterations of cardiovascular functions, including an increase in blood pressure. In the central nervous system, the hypothalamus is an important structure that regulates food intake and blood pressure. Thus, hypothalamic lesions induce not only obesity, but also sex-related differences in hypertension (Baylis et al., 1996). Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, regulates food intake and neuroendocrine functions and stimulates sympathetic nerve activity (Dunbar et al

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“…Several studies in rats have reported gender differences in the development of obesity-associated to high fat diet feeding, in which males showed a greater resistance to increase body weight than females [7,8]. However, females seem to be more protected from obesity-associated disorders, such as hypertension [7] and sucrose-induced insulin resistance [9], and this protection has been attributed to the sex hormone milieu [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Dimorphism in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle of Aged Rats

Gómez-Pérez¹,

Amengual-Cladera²,

Català-Niell³

et al. 2008

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Muscle resistance to insulin plays a key role in the metabolic dysregulation associated to obesity. A pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant status has been proposed to be the link between dietary obesity and insulin resistance. Given the gender differences previously found in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether this gender dimorphism leads to differences in the development of high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance in rat skeletal muscle. Male and female rats of 15 months of age were fed with a high-fat-diet (32% fat) for 14 weeks. Control male rats showed a more marked insulin resistance status compared to females, as indicated by the glucose tolerance curve profile and the serum insulin, resistin and adiponectin levels. High-fat-diet feeding induced an excess of body weight of 16.2% in males and 38.4% in females, an increase in both muscle mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide production and in oxidative damage, together with a decrease in the Mn-superoxide dismutase activity in both genders. However, high-fat-diet fed female rats showed a less marked insulin resistance profile than males, higher mitochondrial oxygen consumption and cytochrome c oxidase activity, and a better capacity to counteract the oxidative-stress-dependent insulin resistance through an overexpression of both muscle UCP3 and GLUT4 proteins. These results point to a gender dimorphism in the insulin resistance status and in the response of skeletal muscle to high-fat-diet feeding which could be related to a more detrimental effect of age in male rats.

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Sexual Dimorphism in Cafeteria Diet-Induced Hypertension Is Associated with Gender-Related Difference in Renal Leptin Receptor Down-Regulation

Cited by 42 publications

References 38 publications

Adiposity Is Related to Gender Differences in Impaired Stress-Induced Pressure Natriuresis

Adiposity Is Related to Gender Differences in Impaired Stress-Induced Pressure Natriuresis

Hypothalamic Leptin Receptor and Signaling Molecule Expressions in Cafeteria Diet-Fed Rats

Gender Dimorphism in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle of Aged Rats

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