Sexual association and cicadellid hosts of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea): description of five new species from Brazil and a synopsis of the interaction with Gyponini (Hemiptera, Membracoidea)

Abstract

Interactions between dryinids and their hosts are poorly known in the Neotropical region, especially for the Brazilian fauna. This study aims to expand this incipient knowledge by describing a new species of Anteon Jurine and four new species of Gonatopus Ljungh reared from parasitized leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) collected in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil. The new species, A. elianeae sp. nov., G. josei sp. nov., G. meloi sp. nov., G. pinhalensis sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov., are associated with leafhopper species of the subfamilies Iassinae (tribe Gyponini) and Deltocephalinae (tribes Deltocephalini and Pendarini). Both sexes of G. josei sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov. were associated and males are described, representing the first sexual association based on reared specimens from Brazil. We record for the first time species of Dryinidae parasitizing the leafhoppers species: Curtara concava, Gypona lita and Reticana lineatta (Gyponini), Graminella striatella (Deltocephalini) and Copidinomus vittulatus (Pendarini). All known records in the Neotropic of both Anteon and Gonatupus species associated with host are compiled, all known records of parasitoids of gyponines are reviewed, and the interactions with dryinids are discussed. Each new species is diagnosed and described, and illustrations of both dryinids and parasitized hosts are provided.

The Chrysidoidea Wasps (Hymenoptera, Aculeata) in Conventional Coffee Crops and Agroforestry Systems in Southeastern Brazil

“…3). These wasps are parasitoids and predators of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera), and as many of the host species are considered pests in agriculture, the Dryinidae are considered beneficial insects (Guglielmino et al, 2013;Martins et al, 2020). There are some studies about records, descriptions of new species and associated hosts of Dryinidae fauna in different habits in Brazil, including Atlantic forest, Amazon forest and Cerrado savanna, but none of them focus on agroforestry systems (Martins, 2015(Martins, , 2018(Martins, , 2019Martins & Krinski, 2016;Martins & Domahovski, 2017a, b;Versuti et al, 2014;Martins et al, 2015aMartins et al, , b, 2020.…”

“…These insects play an important role in pest control and commercial production (Hanson & Gauld, 2006;Heraty et al, 2011). Among Hymenoptera, the parasitoid wasps of the superfamily Chrysidoidea, composed by the living families Bethylidae, Chrysididae, Dryinidae, Embolemidae, Plumariidae, Sclerogibbidae and Scolebythidae (Brothers, 2006), are associated with different groups of hosts, like Embioptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera and Phasmatodea (Azevedo & Helmer, 1999;Brothers, 2006;Hanson & Gauld, 2006;Melo et al, 2012;Guglielmino et al, 2013;Martins & Domahovski, 2017a, b;Morales-Silva et al, 2019;Martins et al, 2020). The diversity of this superfamily is estimated at approximately 16,000 species, of which about 8,000 are described (Azevedo et al, 2018;Olmi et al, 2019;Pauli et al, 2019;Chény et al, 2020).…”

A new species of Marganana (Declivana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini), the first record of the genus from Brazil

“…Despite its substantial diversity, their life history, ecology, behavior, host plants and natural enemies remain poorly known. Although these records are scarce, known parasites of gyponines include species in Pipunculidae, Strepsiptera, and Dryinidae (Martins et al, 2020).…”

Contribution to the knowledge of the Neotropical Anteoninae (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae), with the descriptions of two new species and new records

“…Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) are cosmopolitan wasps, parasitoids and often also predators of leafhoppers, planthoppers and treehoppers (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha) (Guglielmino et al, 2013;Martins et al, 2020). Known commonly as pincer wasps, they include 17 subfamilies (Olmi et al, 2019(Olmi et al, , 2020b among which, Anteoninae, with 653 species described in the world (Martins et al, 2020;Olmi et al, 2019Olmi et al, , 2020a.…”

“…For the Neotropical region, there are only records related to Anteon (Olmi & Virla, 2014;Martins, 2015;Olmi et al, 2019Olmi et al, , 2020aMartins et al, 2020). In the Neotropical region, the genus Deinodryinus includes 114 species, of which 38 species occurring in Brazil and 19 in Mexico (Olmi & Virla, 2014;Martins, 2015;Martins et al, 2015).…”