Sex selection in mammals: A review

Jafar, Sanjeeda; Flint, A. P. F.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(96)00177-x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Sperm preselection on the basis of preferred sex before conception has been proposed to avoid the tragic or deadly sex-linked hereditary disorders in humans, to conserve endangered species and to mass produce single-sexed laboratory animals (Jafar and Flint 1996;Reubinoff and Schenker 1996;Howes et al 1997;Hendriksen 1999;Seidel and Johnson 1999). Previous studies have focused mainly on the physical and chemical distinguishing characteristics of sperm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current strategies include detecting the H-Y antigen cytogenetically, measuring X-linked enzymes and localising Y chromosomespecific DNA sequences (Krco and Goldberg 1976;Jafar and Flint 1996;Reubinoff and Schenker 1996;Howes et al 1997;Blecher et al 1999;Hendriksen 1999;Seidel and Johnson 1999;Johnson 2000;Gardon et al 2004). Unfortunately, these technologies have not been applied consistently to identify sexed sperm in laboratory animals, other large domestic animal species or humans (Grabske et al 1975;Vidal et al 1993;Risopatron et al 1996;Johnson and Welch 1999a;Kim et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stage-dependent expression of extra-embryonic tissue-spermatogenesis-homeobox gene 1 (ESX1) protein, a candidate marker for X chromosome-bearing sperm

Yeh

Yang

Huang

et al. 2005

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Extra-embryonic tissue-spermatogenesis-homeobox gene 1 (Esx1) encodes an X-linked homeobox protein. Despite the fact that the temporal and spatial mRNA expression pattern of the protein has been studied extensively in the testis, specific localisation of ESX1 in the testis remains to be determined. In the present study, we generated ESX1 antiserum to investigate the stage- and tissue-specific expression of ESX1 in the mouse. Western blotting and immunofluorescent analyses revealed that general localisations of ESX1 were consistent with its RNA expression patterns; that is, it was restricted mainly to the placenta and testis. Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated that ESX1 existed in the testes after 3 weeks of age, coincident with the appearance of round spermatids in the seminiferous tubules. Moreover, ESX1 expression became more abundant in the luminal regions of the seminiferous tubules as the development of round spermatids progressed into spermatozoa. In contrast, reduced expression of ESX1 was observed in experimentally induced cryptorchid testes. The later expression of ESX1 suggests a role in post-meiotic germ cell development. To further understand ESX1 expression in sperm with respect to X chromosome-bearing sperm, we used ESX1 antiserum to immunostain sperm by confocal laser microscopy. Approximately half the sperm population was recognised by the ESX1 antiserum. On the basis of results of the present study, we suggest that ESX1 could be used as a protein marker for X chromosome-bearing sperm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stage-dependent expression of extra-embryonic tissue-spermatogenesis-homeobox gene 1 (ESX1) protein, a candidate marker for X chromosome-bearing sperm

Yeh

Yang

Huang

et al. 2005

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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“…Sex ratio was observed no difference between in vivo and in vitro embryo in Table 2. In general, the male to female sex ratio in cattle embryos approaches 1:1, with 2～3% more male than females (Jafar and Flint, 1996). Several authors report that IVP bovine embryos deviate from 1.3:1 to 1.9:1 from the normal 1:1 ratio on day 7 (Carvalho et al, 1996), However, in two other studies, the sex ration of bovine IVP embryos was approximately 1:1 (Grisart et al, 1995), and Bredbacka and Brebacka (1996) and Yadav et al (1993) reported that, the rates of male defined embryo were significantly (p<0.05) higher than female defined embryos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryo Gender Ratio and Developmental Potential after Biopsy of In Vivo and In Vitro Produced Hanwoo Embryos

Cho¹,

Choe²,

Son³

et al. 2012

Reprod Dev Biol

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The present study was to assess the in vitro viability and sexing rate of bovine embryos. Blastocysts were harvested on day 7～9 day after insemination(in vitro and in vivo), and the sex of the embryos was examined using the LAMP method. Embryo cell biopsy was carried out in a 80 μl drop Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ free D-PBS and, biopsied embryos viability were evaluated after more 12 h culture in IVMD culture medium. The formation of recovered embryo to expanded and hatching stages had ensued in higher of sexed embryo in vivo than in vitro (100% vs. 89%, p<0.05), and in vitro, the rates of degeneration after sexing were significantly (p<0.05) higher in vitro than in vivo(11% vs. 0.0%). The rates of the predicted sex were female 61% vs. 56%, and male 39% vs. 44% in vivo and in vitro, respectively. The rates of survival following different biopsy methods were seen between punching and bisection method in vivo and in vitro (100% vs. 89% and 100% vs, 78% respectively). Biopsy method by punching was significantly (p<0.05) higher than bisection between produced embryos in vivo and in vitro. The present data indicate that with microblade after punching for embryo sexing results in high incidence of survivability on development after embryo biopsy. It is also suggested that LAMP-based embryo sexing suitable for field applications.

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“…It has been reported that embryo sexing produces accuracy rates of 92%, 94%, and >96% with, respectively, the use of 1 blastomere, 2 blastomeres, and 3 blastomeres which are biopsied from an embryo (6)(7)(8). In previous research the accuracy of embryo sexing with nonelectrophoretic PCR and electrophoretic PCR was determined at 93% and 89%, respectively (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of conception rates achieved with the transfer of sexed and unsexed bovine embryos

Karaşahi̇n¹,

Akyol²,

Satilmiş³

et al. 2014

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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Bridges are exposed to various loading conditions, and influence lines have important applications for the design of beams that are subjected to moving loads. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of a transfer matrix method (TMM)-based static analysis of monolithic concrete beams with external prestressing cables subjected to moving loads. This approach is important for helping engineers in the preliminary design and is consistent with the design prescriptions of modern codes. The results, in terms of the load deflections and load increase of cable stress, are presented and discussed. The effects of friction at the deviators on the behavior of the externally prestressed concrete beams were also examined.

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Sex selection in mammals: A review

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Stage-dependent expression of extra-embryonic tissue-spermatogenesis-homeobox gene 1 (ESX1) protein, a candidate marker for X chromosome-bearing sperm

Stage-dependent expression of extra-embryonic tissue-spermatogenesis-homeobox gene 1 (ESX1) protein, a candidate marker for X chromosome-bearing sperm

Embryo Gender Ratio and Developmental Potential after Biopsy of In Vivo and In Vitro Produced Hanwoo Embryos

Investigation of conception rates achieved with the transfer of sexed and unsexed bovine embryos

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