Sex reversal in the female plants ofCannabis sativa by cobalt ion

Ram, H. Y. Mohan; Sett, Rina

doi:10.1007/bf03046194

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similarly, Ram and Jaiswal (1972) earlier found that male plants showed no change in sex expression when treated with gibberellins (up to 100 μg/plant), but female plants developed male flowers with normal stamens and viable pollen grains. Besides, environmental factors such as temperature, photoperiod, light conditions, nutrient deficiency, and mechanical stresses (e.g., damages) can influence sex expression and induce monoecism ( Ram and Sett, 1979 ). As reviewed in Truta et al (2007) and Petit et al (2020) , the ratio of different phytohormones plays a crucial role in the sex expression of hemp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Foliar spraying of male cannabis plants with 960 ppm 2-chloroethanephosphonic acid caused the highest formation of the fertile female flower ( Ram and Jaiswal, 1970 ). A total of 100 μg/plant of cobalt chloride applied to the shoot tip triggers male sex expression in the female plants of cannabis ( Ram and Sett, 1979 ). The mode of action of these chemicals in plants is not yet entirely deciphered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Feminized Seeds of High CBD Cannabis sativa L. by Manipulation of Sex Expression and Its Application to Breeding

2021

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The use of the cannabis plant as a source of therapeutic compounds is gaining great importance since restrictions on its growth and use are gradually reduced throughout the world. Intensification of medical (drug type) cannabis production stimulated breeding activities aimed at developing new, improved cultivars with precisely defined, and stable cannabinoid profiles. The effects of several exogenous substances, known to be involved in sex expressions, such as silver thiosulfate (STS), gibberellic acid (GA), and colloidal silver, were analyzed in this study. Various concentrations were tested within 23 different treatments on two high cannabidiol (CBD) breeding populations. Our results showed that spraying whole plants with STS once is more efficient than the application of STS on shoot tips while spraying plants with 0.01% GA and intensive cutting is ineffective in stimulating the production of male flowers. Additionally, spraying whole plants with colloidal silver was also shown to be effective in the induction of male flowers on female plants, since it produced up to 379 male flowers per plant. The viability and fertility of the induced male flowers were confirmed by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining of pollen grains, in vitro and in vivo germination tests of pollen, counting the number of seeds developed after hybridization, and evaluating germination rates of developed seeds. Finally, one established protocol was implemented for crossing selected female plants. The cannabinoid profile of the progeny was compared with the profile of the parental population and an improvement in the biochemical profile of the breeding population was confirmed. The progeny had a higher and more uniform total CBD (tCBD) to total tetrahydrocannabinol (tTHC) ratio (up to 29.6; average 21.33 ± 0.39) compared with the original population (up to 18.8; average 7.83 ± 1.03). This is the first comprehensive report on the induction of fertile male flowers on female plants from dioecious medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Feminized Seeds of High CBD Cannabis sativa L. by Manipulation of Sex Expression and Its Application to Breeding

2021

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The Roles of Auxin, Ethylene, and Acid Growth in Filament Elongation in Gaillardia Grandiflora (Asteraceae)

Koning

1983

American J of Botany

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Filament elongation and the role of auxin in this process in Gaillardia grandiflora was investigated. Filament elongation in vivo occurred just prior to anthesis and was accompanied by cell elongation and fresh weight increase. Filaments isolated and exposed to auxin in vitro grew more rapidly than controls and their growth was comparable to that of filaments in vivo. Furthermore, the natural auxin content of disc flowers (determined by double‐standard isotope dilution analyses) increased just prior to anthesis and filament elongation. These results imply that auxin controls filament elongation. Applied ethylene slightly promoted filament elongation in vitro, and ethylene production of the flowers (determined by gas chromatography) slightly increased prior to filament growth. Fusicoccin and acidic buffers also stimulated elongation of isolated filaments. Thus, the role of auxin in controlling filament elongation in Gaillardia may involve stimulation of ethylene biosynthesis and acid growth.

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