Sex-related differences in vision are heterogeneous

Shaqiri, Albulena; Roinishvili, Maya; Grzeczkowski, Lukasz; Chkonia, Eka; Pilz, Karin S.; Möhr, Christine; Brand, Andreas; Kunchulia, Marina; Herzog, Michael H.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25298-8

Cited by 78 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…If we examine the spatial resolution of the two modalities we find that the auditory system has a resolution or Minimum Audible Angle of between one and two degrees azimuth [13]. The corresponding visual measure, the Minimum Angle of Resolution is about 60 times more precise with a resolution of 1-2 minutes of arc [14]. In almost all dimensions but time, the precision with which we can perceptualize data is greater in vision.…”

Section: The Precision Of Vision Versus Auditionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is Sonification Doomed to Fail?

Neuhoff¹

2019

Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2019)

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Despite persistent research and design efforts over the last twenty years, widespread adoption of sonification to display complex data has largely failed to materialize, and many of the challenges to successful sonification identified in the past persist. Major impediments to the widespread adoption sonification include fundamental perceptual differences between vision and audition, large individual differences in auditory perception, musical biases of sonification researchers, and the interdisciplinary nature of sonification research and design. The historical and often indiscriminate mingling of art and science in sonification design may be a root cause of some of these challenges. Future sonification design efforts that explicitly strive to meet either artistic or scientific goals may lead to greater clarity and success in the field and more widespread adoption of useful sonification techniques.

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Section: The Precision Of Vision Versus Auditionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Is Sonification Doomed to Fail?

Neuhoff¹

2019

Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2019)

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“…These findings would indicate that younger males were the ones lacking activations in IPL and IPS across conditions. Younger males have been reported to be better than younger women in various visual tasks and this could explain to some degree the present results, but since sex differences in visual abilities are still unresolved (Shaqiri et al, 2018) future studies should verify the issue. Similarly, we found an additional sex effect in older adults showing additional activation of occipital and visual cortices during finger tapping in females.…”

Section: The Effects Of Sex Vocabulary and Educationmentioning

confidence: 54%

The Role of Moderating Variables on BOLD fMRI Response During Semantic Verbal Fluency and Finger Tapping in Active and Educated Healthy Seniors

Rodríguez‐Aranda

Castro-Chavira

Espenes

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…This was not the case in our dataset. Interestingly, however, eye morphology (structural traits, which should fluctuate little across the estrous cycle) also appeared to be more variable in females than males, but little is known about sex differences in ocular traits in general (37,38). Overall, we find no consistent support for the female estrus-mediated variability hypothesis.…”

Section: Greater Male Variability Vs Estrus-mediated Variability?mentioning

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Sex and Power: sexual dimorphism in trait variability and its eco-evolutionary and statistical implications

Zajitschek

Nakagawa²,

Łagisz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Biomedical and clinical sciences are experiencing a renewed interest in the fact that males and females differ in many anatomic, physiological, and behavioral traits. Sex differences in trait variability, however, are yet to receive similar recognition. In medical science, mammalian females are assumed to have higher trait variability due to estrus cycles (the ‘estrus-mediated variability hypothesis’); historically in biomedical research, females have been excluded for this reason. Contrastingly, evolutionary theory and associated data support the ‘greater male variability hypothesis’. Here, we test these competing hypotheses in 218 traits measured in >27,000 mice, using meta-analysis methods. Neither hypothesis could universally explain patterns in trait variability. Sex-bias in variability was trait-dependent. While greater male variability was found in morphological traits, females were much more variable in immunological traits. Sex-specific variability has eco-evolutionary ramifications including sex-dependent responses to climate change, as well as statistical implications including power analysis considering sex difference in variance.Significance StatementMales and females differ in many traits. However, we know relatively little about sex differences in trait variability. In many clinical contexts, female subjects have traditionally been excluded, due to assumed higher variability caused by the estrus cycle. Contrastingly, theory from evolutionary biology predicts higher variability in males. Neither explanation universally fits the data, but specific trait groups exhibit strong sex-specific differences. Sex differences in trait variability implies, for example, that the two sexes respond differently to environmental changes, and one sex could fair worse than the other depending on the nature of changes. Also, such sex differences mean that we should regularly include both males and females in biomedical trials, carrying out statistical power calculations separately for both sexes.

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Sex-related differences in vision are heterogeneous

Cited by 78 publications

References 63 publications

Is Sonification Doomed to Fail?

Is Sonification Doomed to Fail?

The Role of Moderating Variables on BOLD fMRI Response During Semantic Verbal Fluency and Finger Tapping in Active and Educated Healthy Seniors

Sex and Power: sexual dimorphism in trait variability and its eco-evolutionary and statistical implications

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