Sex-Related Differences in Oxidative, Platelet, and Vascular Function in Chronic Users of Heat-not-Burn vs. Traditional Combustion Cigarettes

Schirone, Leonardo; Loffredo, Lorenzo; Carnevale, Roberto; Battaglia, S; Marti, Roberta; Pizzolo, Stefano; Bartimoccia, Simona; Nocella, Cristina; Cammisotto, Vittoria; Saade, Wael; Tanzilli, Alessandra; Sciarretta, Sebastiano; Chimenti, Isotta; Falco, Elena De; Picchio, Vittorio; Peruzzi, Mariangela; Marullo, Antonino G. M.; Miraldi, Fabio; Violi, Francesco; Morelli, Andrea; Biondi‐Zoccai, Giuseppe; Frati, Giacomo

doi:10.3390/antiox11071237

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(32 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The concentrated nicotine vapor was then diluted with air and evenly distributed to each chamber at a flow rate of 7 to 8 L/min. Flow rate was adjusted to achieve plasma cotinine levels (approximately 600 ng/mL), comparable to those observed in human combustible cigarette and novel tobacco product users ( 34 – 36 ). Nicotine exposure followed a 12 h on/12 h off schedule, overlapping with the dark cycle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine and novel tobacco products drive adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in preclinical studies

Fried

Oakes²,

Whitehead³

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe heart undergoes structural and functional changes in response to injury and hemodynamic stress known as cardiac remodeling. Cardiac remodeling often decompensates causing dysfunction and heart failure (HF). Cardiac remodeling and dysfunction are significantly associated with cigarette smoking. Although cigarette smoking has declined, the roles of nicotine and novel tobacco products (including electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco) in cardiac remodeling are unclear. In this perspective, we present evidence demonstrating maladaptive cardiac remodeling in nicotine-exposed mice undergoing hemodynamic stress with angiotensin (Ang)-II infusion and review preclinical literature linking nicotine and novel tobacco products with cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.MethodsAdult, male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to room air or chronic, inhaled nicotine for 8 weeks. A subset of mice was infused with Ang-II via subcutaneous osmotic mini-pumps during the final 4 weeks of exposure. Left ventricular structure and function were assessed with echocardiography.ResultsChronic, inhaled nicotine abrogated Ang-II-induced thickening of the left ventricular posterior wall, leading to reduced relative wall thickness. Ang-II infusion was associated with increased left ventricular mass index in both air- and nicotine-exposed mice.ConclusionsThese changes suggest a phenotypic shift from concentric hypertrophy to eccentric hypertrophy in nicotine-exposed, hemodynamically-stressed mice which could drive HF pathogenesis. These findings join a growing body of animal studies demonstrating cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following nicotine and electronic cigarette exposure. Further exploration is necessary; however, clinicians and researchers should not overlook these emerging products as potential risk factors in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling and associated diseases including HF.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine and novel tobacco products drive adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in preclinical studies

Fried

Oakes²,

Whitehead³

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This estimate is the same as that which was given in our rst paper, as no additional studies were found that included biomarkers satisfying the requirements for inclusion in the combined estimates. Two studies [19,20] not considered in our earlier estimate did provide data for blood pressure, body weight and cholesterol, while one study [21] provided data for blood pressure and body weight, and one [22] data for biomarkers of aminobiphenyl, naphthalene and toluene, but none of these biomarkers were considered adequate predictors to be considered in a combined analysis.…”

Section: Estimated Lung Cancer Relative Risks For Heated Tobacco Prod...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Estimating lung cancer risk from e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products based on biomarkers of exposure and of potential harm (b) Results

Lee,

Coombs,

Fry

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Epidemiological data on the lung cancer relative risk (RR) from using e-cigarettes or heated tobacco products (HTPs) is scarce. Our first paper described methodology to estimate this using data on biomarkers of exposure (BOE) and potential harm (BOPH). This used RR estimates for cigarette smokers and users of other tobacco products (e.g. cigars) and data on biomarker levels for smokers, other product users and non-users. It was then applied, to illustrate the methodology, to evidence from three studies reporting BOE data for smokers and users of e-cigarettes and/or HTPs. Aim: To estimate the lung cancer RR for e-cigarette and HTP use from studies providing relevant biomarker data for smokers and users of e-cigarettes and/or HTPs. Methods: Searches were carried out for terms where relevant biomarker data were identified previously, and papers identified providing data for smoking and for either e-cigarettes or HTPs. Our main RR estimates for e-cigarettes and HTPs were derived from results for biomarkers showing significant (p<0.01) fit to the regression model used, and no significant (p<0.01) misfit to the non-user RR of 1.0. Sensitivity analyses were carried out, as previously described. Results: Our estimated RR for e-cigarettes, based on 10 different biomarkers, is 1.83 (95% CI 1.53-2.19), represents 6.5% of the excess risk (ER = RR−1) for cigarette smokers. The RR generally varied little in sensitivity analyses, but increased markedly where the restriction to significant model fit was removed, the results combined then including some very large and implausible RRs. Our estimated HTP RR of 1.44 (95% CI 0.41-5.08) represents 3.4% of the ER for smokers. This RR estimate is as given previously, no additional biomarker studies being found satisfying the requirements for inclusion in the combined estimates. As noted previously, sensitivity analyses little affected this estimate. Conclusions: Our methodology has limitations, but is useful for estimating disease risk where epidemiological data is absent. Applying it to biomarkers with satisfactory model-fit suggests the lung cancer risk from e-cigarettes is much less than from cigarettes. Limited data indicates the risk from HTPs is also low. Future research using additional biomarker data can extend these findings.

show abstract

“…The third study investigated the role of gender in the cardiovascular effects of cigarette or HTP use [142].…”

Section: Cardiovascular System: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third study investigated the role of gender in the cardiovascular effects of cigarette or HTP use [ 142 ]. The study comprised a gender-specific analysis of a previously published prospective observational study [ 143 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Product Science of Electrically Heated Tobacco Products: An Updated Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature

Cordery,

Thompson,

Stevenson

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heated tobacco products represent a novel category of tobacco products in which a tobacco consumable is heated to a temperature that releases nicotine from the tobacco leaf but not to a temperature sufficient to cause combustion. Heated tobacco products may therefore have the potential to be a less harmful alternative for adult smokers who would otherwise continue to smoke cigarettes, as their use should result in exposure to substantially fewer and lower levels of toxicants. This update represents a two-year extension to our previous narrative review, which covered peer-reviewed journal articles published up to August 31, 2021. The scientific evidence published between 2021 and 2023 continues to indicate that aerosols produced from heated tobacco products contain fewer and substantially lower levels of harmful and potentially harmful constituents and that these observed reductions consistently translate to reduced biological effects in both in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies. Biomarker and clinical data from studies in which product use is controlled within a clinical setting continue to suggest changes in levels of biomarkers of exposure, biomarkers of potential harm, and clinical endpoints indicating the potential for reduced harm with switching to exclusive use of heated tobacco products in adult smokers. Overall, the available peer-reviewed scientific evidence continues to indicate that heated tobacco products offer promise as a potentially less harmful alternative to cigarettes, and as such, the conclusions of our original narrative review remain valid.

show abstract

Sex-Related Differences in Oxidative, Platelet, and Vascular Function in Chronic Users of Heat-not-Burn vs. Traditional Combustion Cigarettes

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Nicotine and novel tobacco products drive adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in preclinical studies

Nicotine and novel tobacco products drive adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in preclinical studies

Estimating lung cancer risk from e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products based on biomarkers of exposure and of potential harm (b) Results

The Product Science of Electrically Heated Tobacco Products: An Updated Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About