Sex Hormones and Neuromuscular Control System

Fouladi, Rose

doi:10.5772/25685

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The higher reduction in the knee repositioning accuracy in females compared with males may be explained by one of the following mechanisms. First, the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and capsules have estrogen receptors, which are responsive to female sex hormones [14]. Increased estradiol concentrations decrease collagen synthesis and fibroblast proliferation as estrogen has measurable direct effects on soft tissue strength, muscle function, collagen metabolism, and behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reasons, restoration of neuromuscular function (proprioception) represents a fundamental aim of postinjury rehabilitation. Neuromuscular patterns in males and females differ during maturation as males demonstrate maturational changes including increase in power, strength, and coordination, whereas females change little throughout maturation [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences of knee joint repositioning accuracy in healthy adolescents

Karkousha

2016

Bull Fac Phys Ther

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences of knee joint repositioning accuracy in healthy adolescents

Karkousha

2016

Bull Fac Phys Ther

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“…They have reported that the maintenance of strength in women taking hormonal replacement therapy might be mediated by an interactive effect of progesterone and estradiol. In addition, Fouladi [49] have observed a high value of knee joint reposition error in the early follicular phase and an increase in the accuracy during the luteal phase with the elevated sex hormones' levels. They have supposed that elevated both hormones in the luteal phase are the reasons of increased knee joint position accuracy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of reproductive hormones variation during menstrual cycle on hip abductor and adductor muscles performance in college students

et al. 2019

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BackgroundThe hip abductors and adductors play an important role in the stability of the hip and knee joints and knee injury risk. Menstrual cycle is associated with hormones fluctuations that may affect functions of muscles and ligaments and increase the knee risk injury. However, their effect on the abductors and adductors performance is still unknown, which may be a step in developing conditioning programs to reduce injury risk. ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the effect of hormones variation during menstrual cycle on abductor and adductor muscles performance in sedentary college students. Patients and methodsTwenty-four college students completed the study protocol. Their age and BMI ranged from 19 to 25 years and 25-29.9 kg/m 2 , respectively. Levels of estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured. Biodex system 3-isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure isokinetic parameters of hip abductor and adductor muscles including peak torque, maximum work, total work, average power, work repetition number, work fatigue percentage, angle of peak torque, acceleration time, and deceleration time. Measurements were taken during early follicular (1-3 days) and mid-luteal phases (21-23 days), which were detected using basal body temperature method. ResultsThere were significant increases in estradiol (P=0.0001), progesterone (P=0.002), peak torque of hip abductors (P=0.03) and adductors (P=0.04), maximum work of hip abductors (P=0.01), total work of hip abductors (P=0.01) and adductors (P=0.02), and average power of hip abductors (P=0.0.01) and adductors (P=0.02) during the mid-luteal phase compared with the early follicular phase. ConclusionsAbductor and adductor muscles strength changes with the surging levels of estradiol and progesterone during normal menstrual cycle that need to be considered in strengthening exercises for sedentary college students to avoid injury risk.

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“…1,2 The Central Nervous System (CNS) is the primary mediator for the perception and execution of musculoskeletal control and movement. 1,3 Proprioception provides information regarding joint position sense, kinesthesia and perception of forces, hence it is an important component of the sensory motor system. [1][2][3][4][5] Proprioception refers specially to conscious and unconscious appreciation of joint position, kinesthesia and perception of force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3 Proprioception provides information regarding joint position sense, kinesthesia and perception of forces, hence it is an important component of the sensory motor system. [1][2][3][4][5] Proprioception refers specially to conscious and unconscious appreciation of joint position, kinesthesia and perception of force. These signals are transmitted to the spinal cord via afferent (sensory) pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Knee Proprioception during the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy

2016

IJSR

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Background: Proprioception is seen to decline during pregnancy. Purpose: To compare knee joint proprioception during three trimesters of pregnancy. Methods: 36 pregnant women, 12 from each trimester, from Obstetric and Gynecological OPD of D.Y Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai. Proprioception was assessed with digital inclinometer. Results: There was statistical significant difference of 2.75 between 1 st and 2 nd trimester and 2.48 between 1 st and 3 rd trimester at 30 degree knee flexion. While statistically significant difference of 2.82 was between 1 st and 2 nd trimester at 60 degree knee flexion. Conclusion: Knee joint position sense was found to decline over three trimesters of pregnancy.

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Sex Hormones and Neuromuscular Control System

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Sex differences of knee joint repositioning accuracy in healthy adolescents

Sex differences of knee joint repositioning accuracy in healthy adolescents

Effect of reproductive hormones variation during menstrual cycle on hip abductor and adductor muscles performance in college students

Comparison of Knee Proprioception during the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy

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