Sex hormones and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents

Ağırbaşlı, Mehmet; Ağaoğlu, Nihat Buğra; Orak, Nilay; Caglioz, Hatice; Ocek, Tuba; Poci, Nertila; Salaj, Ada; Maya, Saidi

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2009.03.024

Cited by 75 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…While SHBG levels decrease in both gender (more pronounced for boys), free androgen index and free estradiol index levels increase with puberty [19]. Elevated testosterone is associated with MetS in adolescent girls [20] while low SHBG levels and hyperandrogenism have proven to be predictive of the development of MetS in girls [21]. We have recently reported that estradiol associated negatively with HDL-C levels and positively with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index among prepubertal boys.…”

Section: Puberty Sexual Maturation and Cardiometabolic Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As age-and sex-specific lipid percentiles are not available in many populations, several studies utilized National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) as the reference population [67,68]. For instance, triglyceride ≥90th and HDL-C ≤ 10th percentile levels of NGHS were considered as risk determinants of MetS [21]. Weiss et al used lipid levels adjusted for age, sex, and race or ethnic group [3].…”

Section: Existing Definitions For Metabolic Syndrome In Youthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Syndrome: Bridging the Gap from Childhood to Adulthood

Ağırbaşlı

Tanrikulu

Berenson

2016

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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SUMMARYChildhood and adolescence are particularly vulnerable periods of life to the effects of cardiometabolic risk and later development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Developing countries with limited resources suffer most heavily from the consequences of cardiometabolic risk in children and its future implications to the global health burden. A better understanding of mechanisms leading to cardiometabolic risk in early life may lead to more effective prevention and intervention strategies to reduce metabolic stress in children and later disease. Longitudinal "tracking" studies of cardiometabolic risk in children provide a tremendous global resource to direct prevention strategies for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will summarize the pathophysiology, existing definitions for cardiometabolic risk components in children. Screening and identifying children and adolescents of high cardiometabolic risk and encouraging them and their families through healthy lifestyle changes should be implemented to as a global public health strategy.

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Section: Puberty Sexual Maturation and Cardiometabolic Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Existing Definitions For Metabolic Syndrome In Youthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome: Bridging the Gap from Childhood to Adulthood

Ağırbaşlı

Tanrikulu

Berenson

2016

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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“…In addition, other research has observed that sex hormone levels influence BP during adolescence. 44 Therefore, pubertal maturation may affect the adipokine-BP relationship. Second, a gender-specific correlation of adiponectin and IR was found in our study.…”

Section: Association Of Leptin With Adiponectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of adipokines with blood pressure in rural Chinese adolescents

et al. 2011

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Previous research has demonstrated that adipokines influence blood pressure (BP). Limited data exist in healthy adolescents, who are in a critical period for preventing the development of high BP. This study investigated the association of leptin, adiponectin and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) with BP in rural Chinese adolescents. This report included 1245 adolescents (average body mass index: 19.3 kg m À2 ) aged 13-21 years from an established twin cohort. We examined gender-specific associations between plasma adipokines and BP, with adjustment for measures of adiposity and insulin resistance (IR). We estimated the genetic contribution to adipokines using the twin design and Cholesky decomposition models. There was no correlation between leptin and adiponectin levels. Leptin was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) in males and diastolic blood pressure in females, but the association disappeared after adjusting for adiposity and IR. LAR was positively associated with SBP (b(s.e.): 1.94(0.45)), Po0.01), adiponectin was negatively associated with SBP (b(s.e.): À2.18(0.63)), Po0.001) only in males, and such associations were independent of adiposity and IR. A test of gender Â adiponectin interaction was significant (P ¼ 0.01). Heritability estimation showed that both environmental and genetic factors contribute to variance in adipokines. In these relatively lean Chinese adolescents, leptin was positively associated with BP in both genders, but was adiposity/IR dependent. Adiponectin was negatively associated with SBP in males, independent of adiposity/IR.

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“…However, in one large study, the incidence of MS was reported to be as 3.9 % in healthy Turkish adolescent girls [17]. When our study and former studies were taken into consideration, we could conclude that, Turkish adolescents with PCOS have an approximately five-times increased risk for MS compared to healthy adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

The incidence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents with different phenotypes of PCOS

et al. 2017

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Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of metabolic syndrome in Turkish adolescents with different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Material and methods:This cross-sectional study was performed on the Youth Center clinic of a tertiary referral hospital in Turkey. Adolescents with PCOS (n = 144) were classified into four phenotype groups according to the presence of oligo/anovulation (O), hyperandrogenism (H), and polycystic ovarian morphology (P) as follows: Phenotype A (O + H + P), Phenotype B (H + O), Phenotype C (H + P), Phenotype D (O + P). The adolescents gave early follicular phase blood samples for endocrine and metabolic tests. The incidence and the presence of parameters of metabolic syndrome were assessed among the four groups. Results:In total, 54.9% of the adolescents with PCOS were overweight and 25.7% had metabolic syndrome. The incidence of metabolic syndrome in Phenotypes A-D were as follows: 39.5%, 20.5%, 26.5%, and 15.2%, respectively. Although body mass index was higher in the Phenotype A group, insulin resistance was similar in all of the phenotype groups. The most common dyslipidemia was low HDL-C levels and this was present in more than half of the adolescents with PCOS. Both body mass index and total testosterone levels were significantly higher in adolescents with metabolic syndrome in comparison to those without metabolic syndrome. Conclusions:Although low HDL-C levels and insulin resistance are common PCOS findings in adolescents, the metabolic profile seems to be worse in Phenotype A than the other phenotypes. Therefore, screening programs should evaluate patients based on the known risk factors and phenotypes for adolescents with PCOS.

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Sex hormones and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents

Cited by 75 publications

References 30 publications

Metabolic Syndrome: Bridging the Gap from Childhood to Adulthood

Metabolic Syndrome: Bridging the Gap from Childhood to Adulthood

Association of adipokines with blood pressure in rural Chinese adolescents

The incidence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents with different phenotypes of PCOS

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