Sex differences in movement disorders

Meoni, Sara; Macerollo, Antonella; Moro, Elena

doi:10.1038/s41582-019-0294-x

Cited by 143 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 264 publications

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“…In the current study, we identified that the female gender increased the odds for MT, which was in line with other previous studies 4,5,8 . Gender differences in movement disorders are common and may arise from the interaction of genetics, hormones, and environment 8,29 . In this study, MT patients had a lower level of education than those without MT, a factor that may be attributed to their advanced ages.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Non‐motor symptoms are associated with midline tremor in essential tremor

et al. 2020

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including cognition deficiency, psychiatry symptoms, sleep disruption, and sensory abnormalities, has recently been reported in ET syndrome. 2 Besides, accumulating evidence on different etiologies, pathophysiologies, and clinical features has demonstrated the heterogeneity of ET syndrome, even giving rise to a new placeholder, ET-plus. 2,3 Due to such heterogeneity, its disease sub-types should be extensively studied to understand the inherent mechanisms of ET syndrome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Non‐motor symptoms are associated with midline tremor in essential tremor

et al. 2020

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“…Although sexual abuse may contribute to the observed sex-related differences, other factors, including social, cultural, psychological, and biological, may be important in FMDs as well as in other movement disorders. 5 We also observed that among middle-aged patients (between 19 and 49 years old) functional dystonia was more commonly observed in women. It should be noted that among patients with organic dystonia, women have a higher prevalence of craniocervical dystonia, whereas most focal task-specific dystonias are more frequently observed in men, 5 suggesting a gender bias for this movement disorder.…”

supporting

confidence: 50%

“…5 We also observed that among middle-aged patients (between 19 and 49 years old) functional dystonia was more commonly observed in women. It should be noted that among patients with organic dystonia, women have a higher prevalence of craniocervical dystonia, whereas most focal task-specific dystonias are more frequently observed in men, 5 suggesting a gender bias for this movement disorder. Moreover, a convergence in selected pathophysiological aspects between organic and functional dystonia has been shown in some studies.…”

supporting

confidence: 50%

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Reply to Gender Differences in Functional Movement Disorders: Sociocultural or Biological?

Baizabal‐Carvallo

Jankovic

2020

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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“…Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by motor signs such as bradykinesia and non-motor symptoms that include deficits in sensory processing, sleep disturbance, and cognitive impairment (1)(2)(3)(4). Parkinson's disease is also characterized by sex differences in many of its features (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). For example, the incidence and prevalence of PD are both higher in males than in females (10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Sex and Sex Hormone Impacts on Deficits in Episodic-Like Memory in a Rat Model of Early, Pre-motor Stages of Parkinson's Disease

et al. 2020

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Episodic memory deficits are among the earliest appearing and most commonly occurring examples of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). These enduring features can also predict a clinical course of rapid motor decline, significant cognitive deterioration, and the development of PD-related dementia. The lack of effective means to treat these deficits underscores the need to better understand their neurobiological bases. The prominent sex differences that characterize episodic memory in health, aging and in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease suggest that neuroendocrine factors may also influence episodic memory dysfunction in PD. However, while sex differences have been well-documented for many facets of PD, sex differences in, and sex hormone influences on associated episodic memory impairments have been less extensively studied and have never been examined in preclinical PD models. Accordingly, we paired bilateral neostriatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions with behavioral testing using the What-Where-When Episodic-Like Memory (ELM) Task in adult rats to first determine whether episodic-like memory is impaired in this model. We further compared outcomes in gonadally intact female and male subjects, and in male rats that had undergone gonadectomy-with and without hormone replacement, to determine whether biological sex and/or sex hormones influenced the expression of dopamine lesioned-induced memory deficits. These studies showed that 6-OHDA lesions profoundly impaired recall for all memory domains in male and female rats. They also showed that in males, circulating gonadal hormones powerfully modulated the negative impacts of 6-OHDA lesions on What, Where, and When discriminations in domain-specific ways. Specifically, the absence of androgens was shown to fully attenuate 6-OHDA lesion-induced deficits in ELM for "Where" and to partially protect against lesion-induced deficits in ELM for "What." In sum, these findings show that 6-OHDA lesions in rats recapitulate the vulnerability of episodic memory seen in early PD. Together with similar evidence recently obtained for spatial working memory, the present findings also showed that diminished androgen levels provide powerful, highly selective protections against the harmful effects that 6-OHDA lesions have on memory functions in male rats.

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Sex differences in movement disorders

Cited by 143 publications

References 264 publications

Non‐motor symptoms are associated with midline tremor in essential tremor

Non‐motor symptoms are associated with midline tremor in essential tremor

Reply to Gender Differences in Functional Movement Disorders: Sociocultural or Biological?

Biological Sex and Sex Hormone Impacts on Deficits in Episodic-Like Memory in a Rat Model of Early, Pre-motor Stages of Parkinson's Disease

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