Sex Differences in Human Brain Morphometry and Metabolism: An In Vivo Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography Study on the Effect of Aging

Murphy, Declan; DeCarli, Charles; McIntosh, A. R.; Daly, Eileen; Mentis, Marc J.; Pietrini, Pietro; Szczepanik, Joanna; Schapiro, Mark B.; Grady, Cheryl L.; Horwitz, Barry; Rapoport, Stanley I.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830070031007

Cited by 480 publications

(312 citation statements)

References 83 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

271

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The finding of accelerated loss in hippocampus is somewhat surprising, given the inconsistency of previous results regarding the degree of age-related loss present in this structure. Sullivan et al [39] reported no age-related loss in hippocampus, while highly significant losses were reported by Murphy et al [31]; and clinical ratings of peri-hippocampal fluid increases also suggested age-related hippocampal atrophy [13]. Although the sample sizes were similar for these studies, the age-range examined was extended in the latter two studies, as it was in the present study, relative to the former.…”

Section: Regional Variability In Gray Matter Losssupporting

confidence: 47%

“…These have confirmed volume decreases in cortical gray matter [2,31,33,34,39], cerebral hemispheres [7,8], and basal ganglia structures [27,30,35], and increases in volumes of [15,28], or odds of [8], signal hyperintensities in the white matter. In some studies, such as our previous study, white matter volume did not appear to change with age [2,19,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The present study provided little evidence for any age-related volume loss in the latter structure. This is surprising, since age-related volume reductions in lenticular nucleus [30,31] or putamen [27] have been reported previously; and age-related increase in globus pallidus hypointensity [29] might have been expected to reduce the apparent size of the lenticular nucleus in older subjects. One distinction between these studies and the present study is that the former included subjects below the age of 30.…”

Section: Age-related Change In Subcortical Structuresmentioning

confidence: 78%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of age on tissues and regions of the cerebrum and cerebellum

Jernigan

Archibald

Fennema-Notestine

et al. 2001

Neurobiology of Aging

817

624

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Normal volunteers, aged 30 to 99 years, were studied with MRI. Age was related to estimated volumes of: gray matter, white matter, and CSF of the cerebrum and cerebellum; gray matter, white matter, white matter abnormality, and CSF within each cerebral lobe; and gray matter of eight subcortical structures. The results were: 1) Age-related losses in the hippocampus were significantly accelerated relative to gray matter losses elsewhere in the brain. 2) Among the cerebral lobes, the frontal lobes were disproportionately affected by cortical volume loss and increased white matter abnormality. 3) Loss of cerebral and cerebellar white matter occurred later than, but was ultimately greater than, loss of gray matter. It is estimated that between the ages of 30 and 90 volume loss averages 14% in the cerebral cortex, 35% in the hippocampus, and 26% in the cerebral white matter. Separate analyses were conducted in which genetic risk associated with the Apolipoprotein E ⑀4 allele was either overrepresented or underrepresented among elderly participants. Accelerated loss of hippocampal volume was observed with both analyses and thus does not appear to be due to the presence of at-risk subjects. MR signal alterations in the tissues of older individuals pose challenges to the validity of current methods of tissue segmentation, and should be considered in the interpretation of the results.

show abstract

Section: Regional Variability In Gray Matter Losssupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Age-related Change In Subcortical Structuresmentioning

confidence: 78%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of age on tissues and regions of the cerebrum and cerebellum

Jernigan

Archibald

Fennema-Notestine

et al. 2001

Neurobiology of Aging

817

624

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, when examining the sample split by gender, the negative association only remained for the women. Although the propensity of the literature supports similar age‐related hippocampal volume loss for men and women (Jack et al., 2015; Mu, Xie, Wen, Weng, & Shuyun, 1999; Raz et al., 2004, 2005), there are reports of both women‐ and men‐specific age–hippocampal volume relationships (Murphy et al.,1996; Pruessner et al., 2001). For the current sample, the lack of significant association in the men may be explained by this gender not experiencing a similar age‐related trajectory in hippocampal volume, and therefore not experiencing the benefits of CRF on hippocampal volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to be related to brain health in older adults. In individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), CRF may be a modifiable risk factor that could attenuate anticipated declines in brain volume and episodic memory. The objective of this study was to determine the association between CRF and both hippocampal volume and episodic memory in a cohort of cognitively healthy older adults with familial and/or genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsEighty‐six enrollees from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participated in this study. Participants performed a graded maximal exercise test, underwent a T‐1 anatomical magnetic resonance imaging scan, and completed the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).ResultsThere were no significant relationships between CRF and HV or RAVLT memory scores for the entire sample. When the sample was explored on the basis of gender, CRF was significantly associated with hippocampal volume for women. For men, significant positive associations were observed between CRF and RAVLT memory scores.SummaryThese results suggest that CRF may be protective against both hippocampal volume and episodic memory decline in older adults at risk for AD, but that the relationships may be gender specific.

show abstract

“…Of interest, this interaction was not expected because most longitudinal studies report either no differences in the age-related decline in cognitive functions for men and women (Aartsen et al, 2004), or, when gender differences are observed, a more pronounced decline for females (Meinz & Salthouse, 1998). However, volumetric imaging studies have shown a stronger effect of aging on the frontal lobes in men than in women (Cowell et al, 1994;Murphy et al, 1996). This finding may explain the age 3 gender interaction found for the SCWT Interference change score.…”

Section: Assessment Of Change 77mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting the significance of changes in performance on the Stroop Color-Word Test, Rey's Verbal Learning Test, and the Letter Digit Substitution Test: The regression-based change approach

Elst

Boxtel

Jolles

2007

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Serial neuropsychological assessment is often conducted to monitor changes in the cognitive abilities of individuals over time. Because practice effects occur and the reliability of test scores is less than perfect, it is difficult to judge whether varying test results should be attributed to chance trends or to real changes in underlying cognitive abilities. In a large sample of adults (age range, 49-81 years), we evaluated the influence of age, gender, and education on test-retest changes in performance after 3 years on Rey's Verbal Learning Test (VLT), the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT), and the Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST). A new statistical method was applied to assess the significance of changes in test performance (i.e., the regression-based change method). The results showed that test-retest changes differed as a function of age for the VLT Total recall 1-3, VLT Total recall 1-5, VLT Delayed recall, and LDST measures. An age 3 gender interaction was found for the SCWT Interference change score, suggesting that the age-related decline in executive functioning after 3 years was more pronounced for males than for females. A normative change table with appropriate corrections for the relevant independent variables was established. (JINS, 2008, 14, 71-80.)

show abstract

Sex Differences in Human Brain Morphometry and Metabolism: An In Vivo Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography Study on the Effect of Aging

Abstract: We found significant sex differences in aging of brain areas that are essential to higher cognitive functioning. Thus, our findings may explain some of the age-sex differences in human cognition and response to brain injury and disease.

Cited by 480 publications

References 83 publications

Effects of age on tissues and regions of the cerebrum and cerebellum

Effects of age on tissues and regions of the cerebrum and cerebellum

Relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and episodic memory in a population at risk for Alzheimer's disease

Detecting the significance of changes in performance on the Stroop Color-Word Test, Rey's Verbal Learning Test, and the Letter Digit Substitution Test: The regression-based change approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About