Sex Differences in Hormonal Responses to Stress and Smoking Relapse: A Prospective Examination

Al’Absi, Mustafa; Nakajima, Motohiro; Allen, Sharon; Lemieux, Andrine; Hatsukami, Dorothy K.

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntu340

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The smokers were heavy smokers who smoked on average 10 or more cigarettes per day and all reported at least a moderate level of desire to quit smoking (see Results). The current data was based on a larger study reported elsewhere (al’Absi et al 2015). As reported elsewhere (al’Absi et al 2015), a total of 48% of the women (16/33) in this study were tested in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (days 0–14) while the remaining were tested during the luteal phase (days 15–28).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current data was based on a larger study reported elsewhere (al’Absi et al 2015). As reported elsewhere (al’Absi et al 2015), a total of 48% of the women (16/33) in this study were tested in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (days 0–14) while the remaining were tested during the luteal phase (days 15–28). Relapse status (abstained versus relapsed) was not associated with menstrual phase (al’Absi et al 2015.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in circulating leptin levels during the initial stage of cessation are associated with smoking relapse

et al. 2015

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Rationale Leptin has been linked to tobacco craving and withdrawal related symptoms. Very few studies have examined leptin prospectively in both male and female nonsmokers and smokers. Objectives We examine leptin concentrations prospectively in both male and female nonsmokers and smokers to assess the associations of leptin with psychological symptoms and smoking relapse during ad libitum smoking, the first 48 hours post quit, and four weeks post-cessation. Methods Self-report psychological, anthropomorphic and biological measures (cotinine, carbon monoxide and plasma leptin) were collected before and after 48 hours of smoking abstinence. Smokers were stratified at 28 days post quit as abstinent or relapsed if they had smoked daily for 7 consecutive days at any point in the 28 days. Results Leptin concentration (square root transformed ng/ml) increased over the 48-hour abstinence, but only in female abstainers. In contrast, leptin was very stable across time for nonsmokers, relapsers and males. Cox regression supported that increased leptin was associated with decreased risk of relapse. Leptin was correlated negatively with withdrawal symptoms for abstainers only. Females produce more leptin than males and this level increases from ad libitum smoking to 48-hours post quit. Conclusions The current analysis indicates that a leptin increase early in cessation predicts abstinence. The increase in women, but not men, in response to abstinence provides further evidence of important gender differences. The negative correlation between leptin and withdrawal symptoms indicate a possible protective effect of leptin. Further research is ongoing to elucidate the psychological and biological determinants of this effect.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in circulating leptin levels during the initial stage of cessation are associated with smoking relapse

et al. 2015

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“…Various hypotheses have been proposed, from increased withdrawal responses (see above) to increased reactivity to internal (emotional) cues (negative reinforcement) to increased sensitivity to external (drug-associated) cues (positive reinforcement; Hudson and Stamp, 2011). For alcohol, cocaine, and nicotine, stress-induced relapse is a greater risk for women than for men (Kennedy et al, 2013;al'Absi et al, 2015;Torres and O'Dell, 2015). Women also show a greater incidence of cue-induced craving and relapse for cocaine (Sinha et al, 2007;Kennedy et al, 2013).…”

Section: Sex Differences In Drug Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Animal Models: Focus on Addiction

2016

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“…On a similar note, we also noticed higher scores for sensation seeking, trait anxiety (anger out) and impulsiveness for female smokers as compared to female nonsmokers (Table 1). These results indicate the possible role of altered GABA neurotransmission in co-occurring depression and anxiety during smoking cessation, which is more prominent in females as compared to males [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The prevalence of smoking has increased in females over the last years in Austria, with very low cessation rates as compared to males [7]. As studies have shown that mood regulation is one of the reasons for smoking in females [8,9], low cessation rates could stem from their inability to cope with the negative effect associated with abstinence as compared to men. Further, due to a stronger association between depression and smoking in females as compared to males [10], females may progress more rapidly to nicotine dependence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Sex-Specific Characteristics of Nicotine Addiction Using Metabolic and Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Bagga¹,

Aigner²,

Cecchetto³

et al. 2018

Eur Addict Res

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Nicotine addiction is known to modulate neurotransmission and alter the brain structure. The detrimental effect of nicotine is more prominent in females as compared to males. This study sought to examine the sex-specific influence of nicotine addiction on gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) and the white matter (WM) microstructure. Sixty healthy subjects (smokers/non-smokers) underwent structural and metabolic magnetic resonance imaging scans. Results showed alterations in WM integrity (measured as changes in fractional anisotropy [FA] and GABA in smokers versus non-smokers and females versus males. No overall significant smoking and sex-specific interactions were observed in this study. However, on comparing female smokers with female non-smokers, significantly higher GABA and FA values were observed in female smokers. However, GABA and FA values did not differ significantly when male smokers were compared against male non-smokers. Our results provide a further rationale to investigate the impact of nicotine on central GABAergic function and WM integrity, in particular due to the potential risk for females to experience depressive/anxiety symptoms during smoking cessation.

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Sex Differences in Hormonal Responses to Stress and Smoking Relapse: A Prospective Examination

Cited by 57 publications

References 65 publications

Changes in circulating leptin levels during the initial stage of cessation are associated with smoking relapse

Changes in circulating leptin levels during the initial stage of cessation are associated with smoking relapse

Sex Differences in Animal Models: Focus on Addiction

Investigating Sex-Specific Characteristics of Nicotine Addiction Using Metabolic and Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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