Sex differences in drug addiction and response to exercise intervention: From human to animal studies

Zhou, Yuehui; Zhao, Min; Zhou, Changle; Li, Rena

doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2015.07.001

Cited by 59 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 329 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present findings show the durability of the SACC treatment as a sustainable, nondrug reward to achieve voluntary abstinence from illicit drug use on a long-term basis in humans. However, while SACC was used in our monkey laboratory to achieve reduced drug intake (see reviews by Carroll and Lynch 2016, Carroll and Smethells 2016), a healthy nondrug reward, such social/community reinforcement (Higgins et al 2003, 2008), physical exercise (Bardo and Compton 2015; Zhou et al 2015; Rawson et al 2015), or an employment-based therapeutic workplace (e.g., Silverman et al 2002) are suitable nondrug alternatives for application to humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and menstrual cycle effects on chronic oral cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys: Effects of a nondrug alternative reward

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In previous studies female monkeys self-administered more oral phencyclidine (PCP) than males, and PCP intake differed by phase of menstrual cycle. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine sex and hormonal influences on oral cocaine self-administration in male and female rhesus monkeys in the follicular vs. luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, with concurrent access to an alternative nondrug reward, saccharin (SACC) vs. water. Materials and methods Concurrent access to cocaine (0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/ml) and SACC or water was available from two drinking spouts under concurrent fixed-ratio (FR) 2, 4, and 8 schedules during daily 3-h sessions. Results Cocaine deliveries were similar in males and females in the females’ luteal phase, but cocaine deliveries were higher in females during the follicular phase than the luteal phase and compared to males. When SACC was available cocaine deliveries were reduced in females in the follicular phase of the cycle, and cocaine intake (mg/kg) was reduced in males and in females’ follicular and luteal phases. Conclusions Access to concurrent SACC (vs. water) reduced cocaine intake (mg/kg) in males and in females during both menstrual phases, and the magnitude of the reduction in cocaine intake was greatest during the females’ follicular phase. Thus, a nondrug alternative reward, SACC, is a viable alternative treatment for reducing cocaine’s rewarding effects on male and female monkeys, and reductions in cocaine-seeking were optimal in the females’ luteal phase.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and menstrual cycle effects on chronic oral cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys: Effects of a nondrug alternative reward

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although previous results have been more variable (for review see 11), a comparison of all available studies indicates that the occurrence of sex differences may depend on exercise access conditions. Specifically, studies investigating effects of contemporaneous, but non-concurrent exercise, generally report equal efficacy of exercise at reducing drug intake in males versus females (43,47); whereas, studies using concurrent access conditions generally report greater efficacy in females versus males (39,48).…”

Section: Overview Of Recent Findings In Male and Female Animalsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Results from preclinical studies have also shown that exercise can prevent the development of addiction-like behaviors, such escalation, or the progressive increase in drug use over time (9), indicating that exercise may not only prevent drug use initiation, but may also prevent the development of features of substance use disorder. Exercise has also been suggested as a sex-specific treatment for substance use disorder, and evidence for these effects was reviewed in Part II (10; also see 11). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as a Prevention for Substance Use Disorder: a Review of Sex Differences and Neurobiological Mechanisms

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review This report provides an update on clinical and preclinical findings for the efficacy of exercise to prevent substance use disorder with a focus on recent evidence for sex differences and neurobiological mechanisms. Recent Findings Exercise/physical activity is associated with decreased drug use in humans. Preclinical results further indicate that exercise decreases vulnerability to drug use and the development of features of substance use disorder, and suggest that females have an enhanced sensitivity to its reward-substitution effects. However, certain exercise conditions may sensitize the reward pathway and enhance vulnerability suggesting that parallel observations in humans (e.g., increased prescription opioid misuse and heroin use in high-school athletes) may be biologically-based. Summary Exercise is a promising prevention strategy for substance use disorder. Further work is needed to establish its efficacy as a sex-specific strategy using larger samples, and to understand the exercise conditions that induce beneficial versus risk-enhancing effects.

show abstract

“…Similar findings have been reported in male and female laboratory animals with results showing that exercise during abstinence, such as voluntary running in a wheel or forced running on a treadmill, reduces drug withdrawal signs (34–40), including craving (41–43), and prevents the development of incubation of drug-craving (44–52), an animal model of relapse defined by a progressive increase in drug-craving over abstinence (53). Exercise has also been suggested as a sex-specific prevention for substance use disorder, and evidence for these effects was reviewed in Part I (54; also see 55). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review Exercise is a promising treatment for substance use disorder that may reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse. In this review, we discuss recent evidence from clinical and preclinical studies for its efficacy, from a behavioral to a molecular level, in order to understand the exercise conditions that lead to beneficial effects. We also highlight the few recent findings of sex-specific differences. Recent Findings Clinical and preclinical findings show that exercise decreases withdrawal symptoms, including craving, in both males and females. Evidence from clinical studies support the efficacy of exercise to prevent relapse to smoking, although further research is needed to examine sex differences, establish long-term efficacy, and to determine if effects extend to other substance use disorders. Preclinical findings also support the potential utility of exercise to prevent relapse with evidence suggesting that its efficacy is enhanced in males, and mediated by blocking drug-induced adaptations that occur during early abstinence. Summary Sex differences and timing of exercise availability during abstinence should be considered in future studies examining exercise as an intervention for relapse. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the efficacy of exercise to reduce withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse is needed to guide its development as a sex-specific treatment.

show abstract

Sex differences in drug addiction and response to exercise intervention: From human to animal studies

Cited by 59 publications

References 329 publications

Sex and menstrual cycle effects on chronic oral cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys: Effects of a nondrug alternative reward

Sex and menstrual cycle effects on chronic oral cocaine self-administration in rhesus monkeys: Effects of a nondrug alternative reward

Exercise as a Prevention for Substance Use Disorder: a Review of Sex Differences and Neurobiological Mechanisms

Exercise as a Sex-Specific Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About