Sex differences and statistical stereotyping in attitudes toward financial risk

Eckel, Catherine C.; Grossman, Philip J.

doi:10.1016/s1090-5138(02)00097-1

Cited by 800 publications

(533 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Farmers were also asked about incidents of crop damage during the past 10 years. Farmers' risk preferences were elicited following Eckel and Grossman (2002). The maximum payoff was USD 3.25 (in BDT equivalent), 12.5% less than the daily agricultural wage.…”

Section: Ther Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change skepticism and index versus standard crop insurance demand in coastal Bangladesh

2017

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This paper investigates if climate change skepticism, farmers' fatalistic beliefs, and insurance plan design influence interest in crop weather insurance. While studies of the influence of fatalism on disaster preparedness are common, the ways in which fatalism influences climate change skepticism, and in turn affects farmers' interest in crop insurance, have not been previously investigated. An additional objective was to understand farmers' preferences for index versus standard insurance options, the former entailing damage compensation based on post-hazard assessment, the latter tying damage compensation to a set of weather parameter thresholds. A discrete choice experiment was conducted with maize farmers on a climate-risk prone island in coastal Bangladesh. Most farmers were insurance averse. Those who chose insurance were however significantly more likely to select standard as opposed to index-based insurance. Insurance demand was significantly and positively correlated with farmers' concern about the adverse livelihood impacts of climate change. Farmers who exhibited fatalistic views regarding the consequences of climate change were significantly less likely to opt for insurance of either kind. These findings imply that the prospect for farmers' investment in insurance is conditioned by their understanding of climate change risks and the utility of adaptation, in addition to insurance scheme design.

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Section: Ther Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately two thirds (63%) had no familiarity with insurance. On average, farmers were risk averse as the estimated average risk aversion coefficient (θ) was greater than zero (Eckel and Grossman 2002). They were also found to be generally impatient.…”

Section: Farmer Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change skepticism and index versus standard crop insurance demand in coastal Bangladesh

2017

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“…Women typically are more likely to be risk-averse (see, e.g. Jianakoplos and Bernasek, 1998;Eckel and Grossman, 2002). So, we include in our model specification also controls for the average age as well as for the gender of the majority of the founding team.…”

Section: Founder Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What determines the innovation capability of firm founders?

Arvanitis

Stucki²

2012

Industrial and Corporate Change

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Innovative start-ups, not start-ups in general, seem to be important drivers of economic growth. However, little is known about what such firms look like. As activities of start-ups are strongly related to firm founders, we investigate this question focusing on the innovation capability of firm founders. We find that the combination of different founder characteristics such as university education (at best a combination of technical and commercial education), prior experience in R&D, and strong motivation to realize own innovative ideas increases the likelihood that a start-up has innovative activities, especially the likelihood of R&D activities, by 440%.JEL classification: M13, L26, O30.

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“…In history, va rious researches in the field of relationship between women in the BOD and risks at firms appear to have different results. Some authors believe that if a broad of directors has a high rate of women, the enterprise would be a lower risk taker than others [3]. Adams and Funk (2012) found that female directors tend to make more high risk decisions than their male counterparts [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of women in the board of directors on business risk of Vietnamese firms

Linh¹,

Tran²,

Tran³

et al. 2016

EA-XXI

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Abstract. This article aims at assessing the influence of women in the board of directors (BOD) on risk management in Vietnamese firms. The study touches upon a sample of 284 companies listed on the HOSE (Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange -Vietnam) in the period of [2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014]. Their data was regressed by the random effects model (REM) and the fixed effects model (FEM). To find out which method is the most appropriate, we used the Hausman test. The study clarifies women's role in society and the optimal ratio of women in the BOD to minimise risks at enterprises. The authors give recommendations to corporate managers regarding proper employment policies, in which the role of women is better recognised. The most valuable result of the presented research is a grounded finding of an optimal female ratio in the BOD recommended for the Vietnamese enterprises. In order to achieve a positive impact of women on the risks reduction at the enterprise, the suggested female ratio in the BOD should be 34.96%, which will help to keep the lowest risk exposure. Hence, it could be recommended to raise a number of women in the BODs to approximately 1/3 of the total amount of members. Business owners may take this into account when planning human resource policies to maximise business performance. Keywords: Women; Board of Directors; Impact; Firm; Risk, HOSE; Vietnam; Gender JEL Classification: J44; M19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V160-15До Хоаі Лін кандидат економічних наук, викладач, заступник завідувача кафедри банківського менеджменту, Школа банківської справи та фінансів, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Тран Тронґ Фонґ магістр економіки, викладач, Школа банківської справи та фінансів, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Тран Ван Банґ бакалавр економіки, президент клубу молодих банкірів, асистент навчально-консультаційного центру з банківської справи, фінансів та безпеки, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Нґуен Сонґ Фуонґ бакалавр економіки, асистент навчально-консультаційного центру з банківської справи, фінансів та безпеки, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Вплив жінок, які беруть участь у роботі ради директорів в'єтнамських фірм, на запобігання ризиковим подіям у бізнесі Анотація. Метою цієї статті є оцінка впливу жінок у складі рад директорів в'єтнамських фірм на запобігання ризиковим подіям у бізнесі. У дослідженні використано вибірку з 284 компаній, внесених до реєстру Фондової біржі Хошимін у період 2008-2014 років. У своїй роботі автори роз'яснюють роль жінок у суспільстві, а також надають пояснення щодо оптимального співвідношення жінок і чоловіків у раді директорів із метою мінімізувати виникнення ризикових подій на підприємствах. Доведено доцільність збільшення кількості жінок до 1/3 від загальної кількості членів ради директорів. Окрім цього, надано рекомендації корпоративним менеджерам стосовно вироблення належної політики у сфері зайнятості, яка робила би роль жінок у роботі підприємств більш вагомою. Ключові слов...

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Sex differences and statistical stereotyping in attitudes toward financial risk

Cited by 800 publications

References 35 publications

Climate change skepticism and index versus standard crop insurance demand in coastal Bangladesh

Climate change skepticism and index versus standard crop insurance demand in coastal Bangladesh

What determines the innovation capability of firm founders?

Impact of women in the board of directors on business risk of Vietnamese firms

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