We describe a new species of Oligodon from the highlands of the Langbian Plateau, southern Truong Son Mountains, Vietnam, based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The new species, Oligodon rostralis sp. nov is distinguished from its congeners by the following morphological characters: medium size in adults (male TL = 582 mm); small and broad head with long protruding snout; dorsal scale row formula 15-15-13; 167 ventrals, 47 subcaudals; single preocular, single postocular; loreal and presubocular absent; six supralabials, third and fourth entering orbit; six infralabials, anterior four contacting first pair of chin shields; internasals separate from prefrontals; nasal divided; single anterior and two posterior temporals; cloacal plate undivided; hemipenes short, bilobed, bifurcating in anterior one third of their length, extending to 8th subcaudal, lacking spines and papillae, with a prominent transverse flounces and distal calyces; six maxillary teeth, the posterior three enlarged; dorsal pattern consisting of 14+4 large dark-brown blotches and a bright-orange vertebral stripe on tail and dorsum; and ventral surfaces in life cream laterally with dark quadrangular spots; dark temporal streak present, edged with white. We also provide additional information on O. annamensis, including a morphological dataset of all specimens known from natural history collections and confirmation of an earlier record of O. annamensis from Cambodia. We also provide the first record of O. annamensis for Dak Lak Province. Phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA genes (3,131 bp of 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and cyt b) suggest sister relationships of Oligodon rostralis sp. nov. and O. annamensis and place them in one clade with the O. cyclurus and O. taeniatus species groups, which is concordant with previous studies on the phylogenetic relationships of Oligodon. Our study demonstrates high level of herpetofaunal diversity and endemism of Langbian Plateau and further supports the importance of this area for conservation herpetofaunal diversity in Indochina.
Four species of wild canids are documented as occurring in Vietnam: Dhole Cuon alpinus, Eurasian Golden Jackal Canis aureus, Red Fox Vulpes vulpes and Raccoon Dog Nyctereutes procyonoides. Except for Dhole, all species are widely distributed globally and are listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Concerned by the paucity of recent records of these species from Vietnam, especially in the context of rapidly declining mammal populations in the country in general, we undertook a review of the status of these species in Vietnam. All traceable and potentially verifiable canid records from 01 January 2002 until 31 December 2018 were collated and reviewed. The Dhole, formerly the most widely distributed of all canid species in Vietnam, and Raccoon Dog, apparently formerly widely distributed in the northern part of the country, appear to have both declined; Dhole is now either extirpated, or close to extirpation, while Raccoon Dog is of uncertain status. The Eurasian Golden Jackal does not seem to have been reliably observed in the wild since 2004, although it is possible the species may persist in some areas. Red Fox has only ever been known from a handful of records, and the current status of this species is unknown. In summary, Vietnam cannot be considered to sustain healthy populations of any of its four native wild canid species. These declines seem largely attributable to hunting of both the canids themselves and, for Dhole, their prey base, exacerbated by habitat loss.
Abstract. This article aims at assessing the influence of women in the board of directors (BOD) on risk management in Vietnamese firms. The study touches upon a sample of 284 companies listed on the HOSE (Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange -Vietnam) in the period of [2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014]. Their data was regressed by the random effects model (REM) and the fixed effects model (FEM). To find out which method is the most appropriate, we used the Hausman test. The study clarifies women's role in society and the optimal ratio of women in the BOD to minimise risks at enterprises. The authors give recommendations to corporate managers regarding proper employment policies, in which the role of women is better recognised. The most valuable result of the presented research is a grounded finding of an optimal female ratio in the BOD recommended for the Vietnamese enterprises. In order to achieve a positive impact of women on the risks reduction at the enterprise, the suggested female ratio in the BOD should be 34.96%, which will help to keep the lowest risk exposure. Hence, it could be recommended to raise a number of women in the BODs to approximately 1/3 of the total amount of members. Business owners may take this into account when planning human resource policies to maximise business performance. Keywords: Women; Board of Directors; Impact; Firm; Risk, HOSE; Vietnam; Gender JEL Classification: J44; M19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V160-15До Хоаі Лін кандидат економічних наук, викладач, заступник завідувача кафедри банківського менеджменту, Школа банківської справи та фінансів, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Тран Тронґ Фонґ магістр економіки, викладач, Школа банківської справи та фінансів, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Тран Ван Банґ бакалавр економіки, президент клубу молодих банкірів, асистент навчально-консультаційного центру з банківської справи, фінансів та безпеки, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Нґуен Сонґ Фуонґ бакалавр економіки, асистент навчально-консультаційного центру з банківської справи, фінансів та безпеки, Національний університет економіки, Ханой, В'єтнам Вплив жінок, які беруть участь у роботі ради директорів в'єтнамських фірм, на запобігання ризиковим подіям у бізнесі Анотація. Метою цієї статті є оцінка впливу жінок у складі рад директорів в'єтнамських фірм на запобігання ризиковим подіям у бізнесі. У дослідженні використано вибірку з 284 компаній, внесених до реєстру Фондової біржі Хошимін у період 2008-2014 років. У своїй роботі автори роз'яснюють роль жінок у суспільстві, а також надають пояснення щодо оптимального співвідношення жінок і чоловіків у раді директорів із метою мінімізувати виникнення ризикових подій на підприємствах. Доведено доцільність збільшення кількості жінок до 1/3 від загальної кількості членів ради директорів. Окрім цього, надано рекомендації корпоративним менеджерам стосовно вироблення належної політики у сфері зайнятості, яка робила би роль жінок у роботі підприємств більш вагомою. Ключові слов...
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