Sex Crimes in the Subway

Beller, A V; Garelik, Sanford; Cooper, Sydney

doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1980.tb01346.x

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…In New York and Hong Kong, for example, the issue of groping on commuter trains has not led to gender segregation (Beller et al 1980, Hartocollis 2006, Chui and Ong 2008. While in the contemporary US specific security strategies for women may be accused of 'reverse discrimination' (Loukaitou-Sideris and Fink 2009), the call for women-only train carriages in Hong Kong was dismissed since 'there would be enforcement difficulties in controlling passengers moving between train compartments' (MingPao 2004 quoted in Chui and Ong 2008, p. 11).…”

Section: Cultural Selection Of a Chikan Risk And Women-only Train Carmentioning

confidence: 98%

Constructing sexual risk: ‘Chikan’, collapsing male authority and the emergence of women-only train carriages in Japan

Horii

Burgess

2012

Health, Risk & Society

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Women-only train carriages have been introduced in Japan as a response to widespread groping (chikan) by men. In August 2007, 155 young women completed a survey at a variety of locations in central Tokyo, mainly at the popular meeting places, Shinjuku and Shibuya. The survey involved face-to-face interviews conducted mainly by young female interviewers. The numbers involved are insufficient for rigorous statistical analysis and in this pilot study we were principally interested in further refining ideas and hypotheses for further investigation by considering results in the context of significant contemporary social trends. This article starts by considering a particular cultural context in which the issue of groping resulted in the introduction of women-only train carriages and this official antigroping measure which has been widely accepted. The article then examines women's responses to the availability of women-only train carriages, using surveys carried out in Tokyo. It concludes by considering the specific and anomalous targeting of primarily middle aged 'salarymen', a focus understood in the context of the collapse of the ideological power of the patriarchal corporate figure associated with the end of the Japanese economic miracle. Women's use and support for women-only train carriages is not solely dominated by anxiety over the risk of chikan. Our survey indicated that it was a symbolic rejection of a particular type of masculinity, rather than the physical separation from a risk of being groped.

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Section: Cultural Selection Of a Chikan Risk And Women-only Train Carmentioning

confidence: 98%

Constructing sexual risk: ‘Chikan’, collapsing male authority and the emergence of women-only train carriages in Japan

Horii

Burgess

2012

Health, Risk & Society

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“…In a crowded environment, contact crime, that is, crime that thrives where people come into close contact with one another, can present a significant problem. Crowding is a precondition of contact crime (Smith and Clarke, 2000), and typical offences include theft (Kabundi and Normandeau, 1987) and sexual assaults (Beller et al, 1980). Indeed many of the chapters in this book focus on the relationship between crowding, including increase in theft risk with congestion, and the impact of passenger flow on pickpocketing at bus stops.…”

Section: Transport Crowding and Theftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowd Spatial Patterns at Bus Stops: Security Implications and Effects of Warning Messages

Solymosi

Borrion²,

Fujiyama³

2015

Safety and Security in Transit Environments

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As demonstrated throughout this book, the risk of certain types of crime can increase in congested spaces. Contact crimes, crimes which require the offender to make physical contact with the victim, are especially common in more crowded transport networks and can discourage many would-be passengers (Brand and Price, 2000). Pickpocketing makes up a substantial portion of this, accounting for around 50 per cent of all crime on London’s transport network (Transport for London, 2012). Other chapters in this volume have emphasized the link between pickpocketing and bus stops, and this chapter will delve deeper into the mechanics of crowding at bus stops, and implications for pickpocketing and risk.

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“…An emerging literature in cities of both the Global North and the Global South examines how sexual violence affects transit riders (e g Ceccato, 2017, Chowdhury & van Wee, 2020, Lea, D'Silva, & Asok, 2017, Tripathi, Borrion, & Belur, 2017, Beller, Garelik, & Cooper, 1980. This literature is not comparative; empirical studies survey or interview riders in one city and in one transit system (bus or train).…”

Section: Student Sexual Violence On Transitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Harassment in Transit Environments among College Students in the #MeToo Era: Reporting Evidence from Six Continents

Ceccato

Loukaitou‐Sideris

2020

Am J Crim Just

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Evaluating patterns of sexual violence against young people across the world in the era of the #MeToo movement presents great opportunities for research and practice but also challenges. The aim of this article is to critically assess an internet-based methodology employed in a comparative study conducted with university students in 18 different cities, in six continents. While our main purpose is to examine the methodological aspects of this study, the article also presents briefly its major findings and discusses compiled recommendations to curb sexual violence in some of the most important transit systems in the world. Findings show that sexual violence in transit environments is a common occurrence globally, is highly underreported, and ranges considerably from one city to the other, and between gender groups. Lessons from this study suggest that it is crucial to use identical research tools and choose partners who can ensure that research tasks are undertaken on time, ethically, and with good care for the quality of data and the research process. To curb sexual violence on transit, actions tailored to local contexts are necessary, but as underreporting of harassment is prevalent in all contexts, one global need is initiatives that facilitate incident reporting.

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Sex Crimes in the Subway

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

Constructing sexual risk: ‘Chikan’, collapsing male authority and the emergence of women-only train carriages in Japan

Constructing sexual risk: ‘Chikan’, collapsing male authority and the emergence of women-only train carriages in Japan

Crowd Spatial Patterns at Bus Stops: Security Implications and Effects of Warning Messages

Sexual Harassment in Transit Environments among College Students in the #MeToo Era: Reporting Evidence from Six Continents

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