Sex Anomalies in Pigs

Cytogenetic Studies of Intersex Swine

“…1965Hard et at. , 1967McFeely et al 1967;Breeuwsma 1969;Basrur et al 1971;Melander et at. 1971;Miyake 1972), together with some cases in which sex chromosomal mosaicism and abnormality were observed (McFee et al 1966;Bruere et at.…”

“…1971;Miyake 1972), together with some cases in which sex chromosomal mosaicism and abnormality were observed (McFee et al 1966;Bruere et at. 1968;Breeuwsma 1969;Basrur et al 1971;Toyama 1974). Based on the sex-chromatin survey, Okamoto (1974Okamoto ( ,1976 showed that the swine intersexes were of genetic femaleness.…”

“…The literature refers to some cases in which the sex-chromosome mosaicism and abnormality were noted in leu- Vogt (1968) , Bruere et al (1968) , Breeuwsma (1969) and Basrur et al (1971) pointed out that their cases with XX/XY leucocyte chimerism were most probably freemartins. reported that the two cases of intersex swine displayed mosaicism in the leucocyte population with an XX : XY ratio of 1: 3 and 2 :1, respectively, whereas the non-hemopoietic tissue showed a chromosome set of the XX-mechanism.…”

“…Cases by showed neither uterus in one, nor vas def erens in the other. Basrur et al (1971) presented two specimens having no uterus.…”

Analysis of the Gonadal Sex of Five Intersex Pigs Using Y Chromosomal Markers

“…Most porcine cases have a female phenotype, female external and internal genitals but the gonads are partially or entirely composed of testicular tissue ( BACKSTROM and HENRICSON 1971;HUNTER et al 1988). Although most intersex pigs are genetic females, some cases have shown sex chromosome chimerism in several tissues (MCFEELY 1967;LOJDA 1968;BASRUR and KANAGAWA 1971). Such cases are most likely caused by the fusion of blastocysts of opposite sexes in utero although more complex mechanisms like double fertilization cannot be ruled out.…”