Severity of explicit memory impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease improves effectiveness of implicit learning

Klimkowicz‐Mrowiec, Aleksandra; Słowik, Agnieszka; Krzywoszański, Łukasz; Herzog-Krzywoszańska, Radosława; Szczudlik, Andrzej

doi:10.1007/s00415-008-0717-x

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…In fact, a fast task improvement on instrumental tasks would be typical for healthy subjects. Nevertheless, amnesiacs and patients with dementia are severely hampered in the detection and correction of errors (Evans et al, 2000;Klimkowicz-Mrowiec et al, 2008). Therefore, a slower increase in performance for a condition with errors compared to a condition without errors could be explained by diminished cognitive functions (Rodriguez-Fornells, Kofidis, & Munte, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acquisition of an instrumental activity of daily living in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome: A comparison of trial and error and errorless learning

Oudman

Nijboer

Postma

et al. 2013

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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Patients with Korsakoff's syndrome show devastating amnesia and executive deficits. Consequently, the ability to perform instrumental activities such as making coffee is frequently diminished. It is currently unknown whether patients with Korsakoff's syndrome are able to (re)learn instrumental activities. A good candidate for an effective teaching technique in Korsakoff's syndrome is errorless learning as it is based on intact implicit memory functioning. Therefore, the aim of the current study was two-fold: to investigate whether patients with Korsakoff's syndrome are able to (re)learn instrumental activities, and to compare the effectiveness of errorless learning with trial and error learning in the acquisition and maintenance of an instrumental activity, namely using a washing machine to do the laundry. Whereas initial learning performance in the errorless learning condition was superior, both intervention techniques resulted in similar improvement over eight learning sessions. Moreover, performance in a different spatial layout showed a comparable improvement. Notably, in follow-up sessions starting after four weeks without practice, performance was still elevated in the errorless learning condition, but not in the trial and error condition. The current study demonstrates that (re)learning and maintenance of an instrumental activity is possible in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acquisition of an instrumental activity of daily living in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome: A comparison of trial and error and errorless learning

Oudman

Nijboer

Postma

et al. 2013

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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“…Competition has been demonstrated at the neural level in humans [42,43,44], but strong behavioral evidence for a trade-off in the engagement of memory systems in humans has been lacking, in particular for benefits to declarative memory following interference with procedural memory, although there have been reports of enhanced procedural learning subsequent to interference with declarative/explicit memory [41,63,64]. An alternative possibility to competition is that PD patients engaged neural mechanisms depending on the hippocampus, but that this effort was insufficient to support learning from immediate feedback, and instead resulted in ‘collateral’ enhancement of episodic memory for the feedback events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Trade-Off between Feedback-Based Learning and Episodic Memory for Feedback Events: Evidence from Parkinson’s Disease

Foerde

Braun²,

Shohamy³

2012

Neurodegener Dis

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic projections to the striatum, leading to both motor and cognitive impairments. The cognitive impairments are relatively selective and include deficits in incremental learning from trial-by-trial feedback, while other forms of learning, such as hippocampal-dependent episodic memory, remain intact. Interestingly, it has been suggested that the striatum and the hippocampus compete during learning, leading to the intriguing prediction that the striatal disruption in PD could lead to enhanced performance on tasks that depend on the hippocampus. We tested this prediction by simultaneously assessing incremental learning and episodic memory for trial-unique feedback events, within a single task, in patients with PD. Further, in order to modulate the engagement of the striatum versus the hippocampus, we manipulated the timing of feedback during learning, building on prior results showing that delaying feedback by a few seconds shifts learning to depend on the hippocampus instead of the striatum. We found that Parkinson’s patients were impaired at learning from immediate feedback, but had enhanced episodic memory for those immediate feedback events. Thus, our results provide evidence for concurrent impaired and enhanced learning and memory functions within the same group of patients from a single task.

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“…The evaluation included medical, neurological and neuropsychological examination, interview with a close informant, laboratory testing and computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The details of patient's evaluation are described elsewhere [5].…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of association of CR1, PICALM and CLU gene polymorphisms with Alzheimer disease in a Polish population

Klimkowicz‐Mrowiec

Sado²,

Dziubek³

et al. 2013

Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska

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Severity of explicit memory impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease improves effectiveness of implicit learning

Abstract: Results of our study support the hypothesis of competition between the implicit and explicit memory systems in humans.

Cited by 37 publications

References 36 publications

Acquisition of an instrumental activity of daily living in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome: A comparison of trial and error and errorless learning

Acquisition of an instrumental activity of daily living in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome: A comparison of trial and error and errorless learning

A Trade-Off between Feedback-Based Learning and Episodic Memory for Feedback Events: Evidence from Parkinson’s Disease

Lack of association of CR1, PICALM and CLU gene polymorphisms with Alzheimer disease in a Polish population

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