Seventieth anniversary of the Ukrainian Research Institute of Refractories

Revealing the patterns of change in the technical condition of refractory elements in thermal units during operation

“…The modification of refractories [5,10,[17][18][19], as well as the formation of protective coatings on their surfaces [20][21][22][23], also does not make it possible to solve the task of ensuring the durability and tightness of refractory masonry throughout the entire life cycle of units.…”

“…In Table 4, the state j = 1 is the original one and corresponds to the moment of the first inspection of the state of refractory elements, that is, we consider it a moment of crack origination and the original state of damage to the refractory element. Therefore, the system of equations (19) takes the following form:…”

Measurement of the microscopic viscosities of microfluids with a dynamic optical tweezers system

“…The traditional methods of viscosity measurement are the capillary tube method [5], rotation method [6], and vibration measurement method [7]. Different techniques have been employed in order to characterize the property in recent years: the atomic force microscope (AFM) [8] and ultrasonic techniques [9] were introduced in such applications.…”