"Settlements Growth and Development in Semarang City Centre Area, Indonesia "

Abstract

Urban growth is a complex and dynamic process involving changes in the physical and functional components of the built environment (Sahana, Hong, and Sajjad, 2018), in which residential growth and development are essential. Residential is generally called as settlement and it is specifically referred to as a house (Hammond C W, 1979; Hudson, 1974). The main factor affecting the physical expansion of a city is the population growth rate and land consumption per capita (Bagheri and Tousi, 2017). Urban expansion characteristics are often locally specific, based on determinants such as economic, social, demographic, and planning (Xu and Zhang, 2017; You and Yang, 2017). Urban expansion rate is generally twice higher than population growth rate (Seto, Fragkias, Güneralp, and Reilly, 2011) and one of the triggered problems is the tendency of over-concentration in certain areas causing imbalance or uneven distribution of service centres. Meanwhile, access to opportunities and employment is often the top reason for people in choosing a residential location (Christiaensen and Todo, 2013; Rodríguez-Pose and Hardy, 2015; Satterthwaite, 2006). It makes the city centre or downtown area most favourable because the large-scale modern activities, social infrastructure and decisionmaking centres are entirely available in the area (Donaghy, 2013). Urban growth also implies changes in land use or land cover (Patino and Duque, 2013). In this paper, the built-up area is broadly defined as having Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning J o u r n a l h o m e p a g e: http://jssp.reviste.ubbcluj.ro Semarang is among the important metropolitan regions of Indonesia, and it is affected by the growth and development of the composing residential areas, especially in the central area. The main focus of this research is to analyse and understand the current problems, including aspects of land use, residential patterns, residential development directions, and characteristics of the communities in residential growth areas. We used Quick Bird image data as the primary data source, and maps and statistical data as the secondary. Descriptive statistics and spatial analysis were used in analysing the data. Semarang city centre area consisting of six districts that were selected as study area. Results indicate that there has been a 2.08% expansion of residential areas during a decade, from 2006 to 2016. Population in the expansion areas increased by 4.33%, while the majority of the population has average education level. They mostly work in manufacturing industries, construction, and various trade and services facilities. There are three residential patterns identified in the study area, i.e., clustered, random and dispersed. Although much land suitable for residential use is still available in the study area we learned that growth of residential areas occurs also in areas with land unsuitable for this particular use, such as preserved and disaster-prone areas. These findings can help planners to re...

The Pattern of Settlement Distribution in Disaster Prone Areas of Semarang City

“…The nearest neighborhood analysis is used to determine the distribution patterns [15]. Nearest neighborhood analysis also can be used to define settlement distribution patterns [12]. The analysis is conducted by converting polygons into points using ArcGIS software.…”

“…This research aims to examine the distribution patterns of settlements in disaster-prone areas. The settlement pattern is a reflection of the adjustment of the population to the environment, which is influenced by socio-economic and cultural factors [12]. This research is important because based on the distribution pattern and characteristics of settlements in disaster-prone areas, preventive and mitigation measures can be taken to minimize casualties and property.…”

Land Use Change Analysis to Springs Conditions in Gunungpati Sub-District, Semarang City

“…Semarang City is the area with the fastest development in Central Java Province. Besides being the provincial capital, the strategic location of the area with PANTURA Road makes the region to experience very rapid progress in development (Arsandi et al, 2017;Pigawati et al, 2019;Kelly-Fair et al, 2022). This can be seen in the increasing density of built-up land, specifically in the lower part ABSTRACT Semarang City has the fastest development in Central Java Province, where the activities are no longer centralized but have expanded to the upper part of the region.…”

“…of Semarang, which is the center of government and economy (Wijaya et al, 2018;Pigawati et al, 2019 ;Wahyudi et al, 2020). This phenomenon has an impact on decreasing environmental quality, characterized by high air temperatures, floods, and tidal decreasing the level of environmental comfort (Sunaryo et al, 2018;Sejati et al, 2020;Putra & Pigawati, 2021;Hanafi et al, 2021).…”

The Correlation Between Urban Development and Land Surface Temperature Change in Palembang City

“…Complete facilities and job opportunities are attractive factors for population movement (Rana & Parves, 2011). There is a particular type of relationship between the expansion of the residential area and the distance from the CBD that is affected by the availability of land and the location of facilities (Pigawati et al, 2019). High number of population results in a larger need for space, which implies increasing built-up areas (Sakti, 2016).…”