Set-Based Thinking in the Engineering Design Community and Beyond

Ghosh, Sourobh; Seering, Warren P.

doi:10.1115/detc2014-35597

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Other researchers have found similar steps or characteristics of SBD [15,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], but a recent SBD literature search concluded that the literature lacked quantitative, reproducible methods to define, evaluate, and select sets [47]. Specking et al [47] identified an opportunity to develop techniques for SBD trade-off analysis during early design.…”

Section: Set-based Designmentioning

confidence: 82%

Early Design Space Exploration with Model-Based System Engineering and Set-Based Design

Specking

Parnell

Pohl

et al. 2018

Systems

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Adequately exploring the tradespace in the early system design phase is important to determine the best design concepts to pursue in the next life cycle stage. Tradespace exploration (TSE) often uses trade-off analysis. Set-based design (SBD) methods, compared to traditional point-based design, explore significantly more designs. An integrated framework with model-based system engineering (MBSE) and a life cycle cost model enables design evaluation in near real-time. This study proposes an early design phase SBD methodology and demonstrates how SBD enabled by an integrated framework with MBSE and life cycle cost provides an enhanced TSE that can inform system design requirements and help decision makers select high performing designs at an affordable cost. Specifically, this paper (1) provides an overview of TSE and SBD, (2) describes the Integrated Trade-off Analysis Framework, (3) describes a methodology to implement SBD in the early design phase, and (4) demonstrates the techniques using an unmanned aerial vehicle case study. We found that the Integrated Trade-off Analysis Framework informs requirement development based upon how the requirements affect the feasible tradespace. Additionally, the integrated framework that uses SBD better explores the design space compared to traditional methods by finding a larger set of feasible designs early in the design process.

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Section: Set-based Designmentioning

confidence: 82%

Early Design Space Exploration with Model-Based System Engineering and Set-Based Design

Specking

Parnell

Pohl

et al. 2018

Systems

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“…From this set, we identified and collected only refereed journal articles and conference papers, reducing the set to the 64 SBD specific documents considered in the final review. We refer to this set of documents as Group A throughout the remainder of this paper 2–65 . We provide the complete listing for all Group A documents in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Less common is research combining multiple analytical disciplines within a single SBD construct to develop a holistic methodology describing a quantitative SBD process from the initial early design development and analysis phases to final design selection. Although other researchers have published surveys regarding specific SBD applications or methodologies, none provide a holistic view of SBD methodologies and research trends for complex system design 4,16,17 . We survey and analyze the system‐engineering literature to identify SBD's state‐of‐practice, research trends, and emerging research areas to enable future complex system research and development programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Set‐based design: The state‐of‐practice and research opportunities

Shallcross¹,

Parnell²,

Pohl

et al. 2020

Systems Engineering

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Increasing system complexity has provided the impetus to develop new and novel systems engineering methodologies. One of these methodologies is set‐based design (SBD), a concurrent design methodology well suited for complex systems subject to significant uncertainty. Since the 1990s, numerous private, public, and defense sector design programs have successfully implemented SBD. However, concerns regarding SBD's complexity, tendency toward qualitative methods, and lack of quantitative tools have limited its use. To address these issues, our research surveys 122 refereed journal articles and conference papers to assess SBD's state‐of‐practice and identify relevant research opportunities. To accomplish these tasks, we perform a structured literature review to identify and assess relevant and influential research. We found that SBD's state‐of‐practice relies heavily upon decision and tradespace analysis with increasing emphasis on uncertainty modeling and MBSE. We found that the majority of SBD research consists of quantitative methodologies focusing on component and small system applications. We also found that complex system applications used mostly qualitative methodologies. We identify SBD research opportunities for requirements development, MBSE, uncertainty modeling, multiresolution modeling, adversarial analysis, and program management. Finally, we recommend the development of a comprehensive SBD methodology and toolkit, suited for complex system design across all stages of the product development life cycle.

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“…In practice, it is the time and effort spent handling, exploring and documenting multiple alternatives long into the development process that makes SBCE different. Four of the 24 publications in category 5 simply discuss this vision and practice during the PD process (Liker et al 1996;Al-Ashaab et al 2013, 2016Ghosh & Seering 2014).…”

Section: Classification By Design Process/methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By aggressively eliminating weak options early in the PDP and thereby confidently concentrating on robust areas that can guarantee flexibility, discovery and innovation, set-based approaches to design make strategic prototype planning/execution a key factor of success in development programmes. Sobek, Ward & Liker (1999) described the three principles of SBCE, which according to Ghosh & Seering (2014) have remained the same as that used for SBCE discussions and implementations across the research and industrial applications.…”

Section: Set-based Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Set-based design: a review and new directions

2020

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Set-based design (SBD), sometimes referred to as set-based concurrent engineering (SBCE), has emerged as an important component of lean product development (LPD) with all researchers describing it as a core enabler of LPD. Research has explored the principles underlying LPD and SBCE, but methodologies for the practical implementation need to be better understood. A review of SBD is performed in this article in order to discover and analyse the key aspects to consider when developing a model and methodology to transition to SBCE. The publications are classified according to a new framework, which allows us to map the topology of the relevant SBD literature from two perspectives: the research paradigms and the coverage of the generic creative design process (Formulation–Synthesis–Analysis–Evaluation–Documentation–Reformulation). It is found that SBD has a relatively low theoretical development, but there is a steady increase in the diversity of contributions. The literature abounds with methods, guidelines and tools to implement SBCE, but they rarely rely on a model that is in the continuum of a design process model, product model or knowledge-based model with the aim of federating the three Ps (People–Product–Process) towards SBCE and LPD in traditional industrial contexts.

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Set-Based Thinking in the Engineering Design Community and Beyond

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Early Design Space Exploration with Model-Based System Engineering and Set-Based Design

Early Design Space Exploration with Model-Based System Engineering and Set-Based Design

Set‐based design: The state‐of‐practice and research opportunities

Set-based design: a review and new directions

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