Sesquiterpenoids from the Whole Plants of Chloranthus holostegius and Their Anti‐inflammatory Activities

Abstract

Chloranthus holostegius | Sesquiterpenoids | NMR spectroscopy | X-ray diffraction | InflammationFive new sesquiterpenoids (1-5), chloranholides A-E, along with three known compounds (6-8), were isolated from the whole plants of Chloranthus holostegius. Their structures were elucidated using the spectroscopic methods (IR, UV, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR), and their absolute configurations were determined by the X-ray crystallography and ECD calculation. Compounds 1-8 were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Especially, compound 4 exhibited the most significant anti-inflammatory activity with the secretion levels of TNF-α and IL-6 at 15.52% and 5.98%, respectively, better than that of dexamethasone.

Discovery of sesquiterpenoids from Chloranthus henryi Hemsl. var. hupehensis (Pamp.)K. F. Wu and their anti-inflammatory activity by suppression of the IKBα/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway

“…[1] Literature investigation revealed thatChloranthus include terpenoids, flavonoids, amides and phenylpropanoids, among which sesquiterpenoids and sesquiterpenoid dimers are predominant structural types, such as eudesmane-types, lindenane-types, cadinene-types, guaiane-types, and germacrene-types. [2] In particular, sesquiterpene dimers, as the characteristic secondary metabolites of this genus, which have multitudinous pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, [3,4] antitumor, [5,6] neuroprotective, [7,8] and antimalarial [9] activities.…”

Natural Sesquiterpenoids, Diterpenoids, Sesterterpenoids, and Triterpenoids with Intriguing Structures from 2017 to 2022

“…As one of the largest classes and the most frequently reported terpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, derived from FPP, have attracted increasing attention from organic chemists and pharmacologists due to their diverse carbon skeletons as exemplified by various ring systems and polymer architectures and extensive biological activities including neuroprotective, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial effects and the treatment of AD. [ 13‐21 ]…”

Clavukoelloids A—M, Thirteen Rare N‐Containing Nardosinane Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Soft Coral Clavularia koellikeri

“…Sesquiterpenoids, the most fascinating and promising bioactive compounds that are currently considered to be ideal candidates for drug discovery, are characterized by a 15‐carbon backbone structure derived from the precursor isopentenyl diphosphate. [ 1‐4 ] Nardosinane‐type sesquiterpenoids belong to a small group of sesquiterpenoids that exhibit diverse and potent bioactivities, such as anticancer, [ 5 ] anti‐inflammatory, [ 6 ] anti‐Alzheimer's disease [ 7 ] and antimicrobial activities. [ 8 ] Since the first nardosinane sesquiterpenoid was discovered from the soft coral Paralemnalia thyrsoides , [ 9 ] many other nardosinane‐type sesquiterpenoids have been isolated from Litophyton nigrum , [ 10 ] Lemnalia flava , [ 11 ] Nephthea elongata , [ 12 ] Nephthea armata , [ 13 ] and so on.…”