Natural Sesquiterpenoids, Diterpenoids, Sesterterpenoids, and Triterpenoids with Intriguing Structures from 2017 to 2022

Abstract

Comprehensive SummaryThis review covers the isolation, structural determination, plausible biosynthetic pathways, and biological activities of 166 natural terpenoids including 57 sesquiterpenoids, 65 diterpenoids, 15 sesterterpenoids, and 29 triterpenoids from January 2017 to December 2022.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Endophytic Fungi from the Four Staple Crops and Their Secondary Metabolites

“…Terpenoids are a type of natural product made up of basic "C5" units known as isoprene. Thus, terpenoids are classified according to the number of isoprene units, with sesquiterpenoids (C15), diterpenoids (C20), sesterterpenoids (C25) and others [99] in rice leaves infected with the pathogen, and both of them inhibited the germ tube elongation of both phytopathogenic fungi, Pyricularia oryzae and Bipolaris oryzae, and their effective concentrations were lower than those found in the conidial germination assay; the IC50 values for germ tube elongation were more than 10 times smaller than those for conidial germination [112]. Moreover, 143, 146 and 147 had relatively strong activities on the elongation of P. oryzae with IC50 values of 6.6, 7.8 and 8.1 µM, respectively, and 144 and 145 had relatively strong activities on the elongation of B. oryzae with IC50 values of 9.8 µM [112].…”

“…Terpenoids are a type of natural product made up of basic “C5” units known as isoprene. Thus, terpenoids are classified according to the number of isoprene units, with sesquiterpenoids (C15), diterpenoids (C20), sesterterpenoids (C25) and others [ 99 ].…”

Triterpenoids from Cyclocarya paliurus: Structure, biosynthesis, biological activities

“…Triterpenoids have complex and diverse structure, which are determined by the diversity of their biosynthetic pathways [40,41] . Although a number of studies have been conducted on triterpenoids from C.…”

Diterpenoids with Antibacterial Activities from the Fungus Trichoderma harzianum

“…Diterpenoids (C 20 ) are a significant class of natural terpenoids that are extensively found in plants and fungi. 7 Diterpenoids exhibit a variety of structural characteristics, which can be categorized based on the number of rings (such as bi-, tri-, and tetracyclic ring systems 7 and so on) as well as the type of structural skeleton (such as isoryanodane, 8 fusicoccane, 9 guanacastane, 10 harziene, 11 and so on). Certain naturally occurring diterpenoids possess an extensive array of beneficial bioactivities, for instance, anti-inflammatory, 12 antibacterial, 13 cytotoxic, 14 and immunosuppressive effects, 15 greatly enhancing their potential as lead compounds in the field of pharmaceuticals.…”