Service marks as novel innovation indicator

Schmoch, Ulrich

doi:10.3152/147154403781776708

Cited by 112 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In his study, Schmoch (2003) finds a highly significant correlation between innovation and trademarks, namely in the manufacturing sector. Focusing on service trademarks, he found considerable differences between sectors, namely in the case of knowledge-intensive services.…”

Section: Insert Table 2 Herementioning

confidence: 96%

“…In a recent study, Schmoch (2003) also highlighted the suitability of trademarks as an indicator of innovation. Specifically, he argues that "they meet essential preconditions, in particular correlation to innovation, good data access by electronic databases, and the possibility of operationalising them in relevant dimensions of desegregation" (p. 155).…”

Section: Trademarks As An Indicator In Recent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change

Mendonça

Pereira

Godinho³

2004

Research Policy

372

236

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Abstract:As innovation becomes an ever more central issue for the development of firms and world economies, so the need for improved assessments of innovative performance grows more urgent. This paper suggests that trademark analysis can contribute in capturing relevant aspects of innovation phenomena and the process of industrial change. We propose trademarks as a complementary indicator in the portfolio of available empirical tools of innovation studies and industrial dynamics. Our empirical exploration is based on a study of Community Trade Marks, an intellectual property right granted in the European Union, and draws on recent research on trademarking trends in Portugal. Quantitative as well as qualitative data, including survey data from a representative sample of Portuguese manufacturing and services firms, are used to identify the advantages and limitations of this indicator.

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Section: Insert Table 2 Herementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Trademarks As An Indicator In Recent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change

Mendonça

Pereira

Godinho³

2004

Research Policy

372

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, there is some evidence suggesting that trademarking is associated to innovation, in particular in the service industry. A few examples include Schmoch (2003) who has found that trademarks and product innovation are positively correlated in the service industry and Malmberg (2005) who compared the new trademark applications with the launch of new product innovations and found that there is a positive correlation between the two in particular among companies targeting consumers.…”

Section: Can Trademarking Influence Total Factor Productivity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…which makes distinctive the goods or services offered by a firm. Trademarks belong to the portfolio of legal mechanisms which protect a firm's intellectual property and have been mostly studied as such in conjunction with patents, design rights and so on (Schmoch, 2003;Greenhalgh and Rogers, 2005). However, economists have pointed out that they perform other roles: for instance, it has been suggested that firms use them to differentiate their products from those offered by their competitors (Landes and Posner, 1987;Elliott and Percy, 2006); also, they can signal consumers that the products on sale are of consistent quality contributing to solve the problem of asymmetric information between producers and consumers about the quality of the products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trademarking activities and total factor productivity: Some evidence for British commercial banks using a metafrontier approach

Duygun

Sena

Shaban

2016

Journal of Banking & Finance

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In this paper, we compute a non-parametric Metafrontier Malmquist index to evaluate the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) change among UK-based trademarking and non-trademarking commercial banks between 2005 and 2013. The use of the metafrontier approach allows us to: a) identify the drivers of TFP growth for each group of banks, b) compare the TFP growth of each group to the TFP growth experienced by the whole industry, and c) assess the extent to which the former catches up with the latter measured along the metafrontier. Our results suggest that TFP has been increasing among trademarking banks up to the onset of the financial crisis but this process has since reversed. The catch-up indexes suggest that both groups of banks were catching up with the metafrontier up to the financial crisis although the drivers of this process differed between the two groups. After the financial crisis, improvements in technology have been driven by a small number of commercial banks i.e. the non-trademarking banks. These results suggest that a large section of the commercial banking sector has not been able to overcome the effects of the financial crisis.

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“…This suggests that reference to prior experiences is particularly valuable for customers when (service) production is interactive and intangible (Schmoch, 2003;Lemley, 1999). Hence, trademarks should diminish the ease of product substitutability in knowledge-intensive service sectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Trademarks Diminish the Substitutability of Products in Innovative Knowledge-Intensive Services?

Crass

Schwiebacher²

2013

SSRN Journal

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Die Dis cus si on Pape rs die nen einer mög lichst schnel len Ver brei tung von neue ren For schungs arbei ten des ZEW. Die Bei trä ge lie gen in allei ni ger Ver ant wor tung der Auto ren und stel len nicht not wen di ger wei se die Mei nung des ZEW dar.Dis cus si on Papers are inten ded to make results of ZEW research prompt ly avai la ble to other eco no mists in order to encou ra ge dis cus si on and sug gesti ons for revi si ons. The aut hors are sole ly respon si ble for the con tents which do not neces sa ri ly repre sent the opi ni on of the ZEW. Non-technical summaryTrademarks are treated negligent in the scholarly innovation discourse. In contrast to other intellectual property rights, trademarks are not intended traditionally to protect immediately valuable information. Trademarks protect distinctive commercial signs which stand for something else.Trademark protection encompasses two dimensions: signifier protection and dilution protection. The protection of distinctive signifiers facilitates customers to identify product source. Identifiable producers may compete on delivering reliably satisfying products.Traditional trademark law protects customer. In contrast, anti-dilution regulation protects the capacity of famous mark to identify and distinguish. Both dimensions of trademark protection might differentiate the signed products; either on quality characteristics or on product meaning.Diminishing product substitutability should foster product innovation incentives. Trademarks are therefore supposed to supplement the appropriation of innovation rents. This should be particularly the case for knowledge-intensive services in which other intellectual property rights are considered as little effective due to the intangible and interactive service production.Trademarks are often supposed to reduce substitutability and imitability of product innovations. Using German CIS data for 2010, we provide empirical evidence that trademarking firms assess easy product substitutability as less characteristic for their competitive environment. This correlation between the ease of product substitutability and trademark protection is present for product innovators, for firms in knowledge-intensive services and for firms which consider trademarks as important intellectual property rights.The correlation does not appear to reflect superior functional product characteristics from the application of new technological knowledge. This suggests trademarks as important complementary asset for the commercialization of innovative products in knowledgeintensive services. Das Wichtigste in Kürze AbstractTrademarks are often supposed to reduce substitutability and imitability of product innovations.Using data of the German innovation survey, we provide empirical evidence that trademarking firms in manufacturing and services assess easy product substitutability as less characteristic for their competitive environment. This is particularly the case for service firms which are knowledge-intensive, product innovators and which consider...

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Service marks as novel innovation indicator

Cited by 112 publications

References 2 publications

Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change

Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change

Trademarking activities and total factor productivity: Some evidence for British commercial banks using a metafrontier approach

Do Trademarks Diminish the Substitutability of Products in Innovative Knowledge-Intensive Services?

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