Service life prediction and performance testing — Current developments and practical applications

Alexander, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.05.013

Cited by 67 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Later studies showed that simultaneous hydration of different SCMs in ternary and quaternary blends is complex since SCMs influence the hydration of other SCMs [5]. This requires a better understanding of the hydration processes and interdependencies in order to better predict performance of multi component composite cements [6] [7]. The ability to predictively model the performance of these new cements is of utmost importance since the prescriptive approaches of the concrete industry, based mainly on experience gained with Portland cement concrete, will not be applicable to the new cements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of microstructure on the performance of composite cements: Why higher total porosity can result in higher strength

Zając

Skoček

Adu-Amankwah

et al. 2018

Cement and Concrete Composites

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This paper describes the underlying principles behind the evolution in performance of ternary composite cements comprising Portland cement clinker, slag and limestone. By using the predicted phase assemblage as an input for the micromechanical model, the mechanisms underlying the evolution of mortar strength and Young's modulus were analyzed and quantified. This allowed the roles of hydrate assemblages and porosity distribution on the evolution of performance to be explained and quantified. Slag hydration results in the formation of a microstructure more efficient for development of compressive strength and elastic stiffness. Limestone further improves microstructure and enhances reactivity of the systems studied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of microstructure on the performance of composite cements: Why higher total porosity can result in higher strength

Zając

Skoček

Adu-Amankwah

et al. 2018

Cement and Concrete Composites

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“…As for the chloride diffusivity in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete or slag-blended concrete, Papadakis [2] and Demis et al [3] evaluated the chloride diffusivity of fully hardened concrete as a function of the ultimate porosity. Alexander and Thomas [4] evaluated the chloride diffusivity of concrete after 28 days of curing as a function of the water to binder ratios. The Life-365 program [5] also uses the Alexander and Thomas equation [4] to determine concrete diffusivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alexander and Thomas [4] evaluated the chloride diffusivity of concrete after 28 days of curing as a function of the water to binder ratios. The Life-365 program [5] also uses the Alexander and Thomas equation [4] to determine concrete diffusivity. However, the Papadakis [2], Demis et al [3], and Alexander and Thomas [4] models are not perfect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Life-365 program [5] also uses the Alexander and Thomas equation [4] to determine concrete diffusivity. However, the Papadakis [2], Demis et al [3], and Alexander and Thomas [4] models are not perfect. The Papadakis [2] and Demis et al [3] models assume that cement is completely hydrated (i.e., the hydration degree is 100%) regardless of the water to cement ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang and Lee [6] reported that concretes with lower water to cement ratios had slower rates of hydration and lower ultimate degrees of hydration. The chloride diffusivity calculated according to the Alexander and Thomas model [4] does not consider other factors, such as the binder content, binder reactivity, and curing methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prediction of Time-Dependent Chloride Diffusion Coefficients for Slag-Blended Concrete

Park

Lee

Wang

2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The chloride diffusion coefficient is considered to be a key factor for evaluating the service life of ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) blended concrete. The chloride diffusion coefficient relates to both the concrete mixing proportions and curing ages. Due to the continuous hydration of the binders, the capillary porosity of the concrete decreases and the chloride diffusion coefficient also decreases over time. To date, the dependence of chloride diffusivity on the binder hydration and curing ages of slag-blended concrete has not been considered in detail. To fill this gap, this study presents a numerical procedure to predict time-dependent chloride diffusion coefficients for slag-blended concrete. First, by using a blended cement hydration model, the degree of the binder reaction for hardening concrete can be calculated. The effects of the water to binder ratios and slag replacement ratios on the degree of the binder reaction are considered. Second, by using the degree of the binder reaction, the capillary porosity of the binder paste at different curing ages can be determined. Third, by using the capillary porosity and aggregate volume, the chloride diffusion coefficients of concrete can be calculated. The proposed numerical procedure has been verified using the experimental results of concrete with different water to binder ratios, slag replacement ratios, and curing ages.

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Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials

Mundra

Samson

Masi

et al. 2023

Materials & Corrosion

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Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are binders that can complement and partially substitute the current use of conventional cement. However, the present knowledge about how AAMs protect steel reinforcement in concrete elements is incomplete, and uncertainties exist regarding the application of electrochemical methods to investigate this issue. The present review by EFC WP11-Task Force 'Corrosion of steel in alkali-activated materials' demonstrates that important differences exist between AAMs and Portland cement, and between different classes of AAMs, which are mainly caused by differing pore solution compositions, and which affect the outcomes of electrochemical measurements. The high sulfide concentrations in blast furnace slag-based AAMs lead to distinct anodic polarisation curves, unusually low open circuit potentials, and low polarisation resistances, which might be incorrectly interpreted as indicating active corrosion of steel reinforcement. No systematic

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Service life prediction and performance testing — Current developments and practical applications

Cited by 67 publications

References 8 publications

Impact of microstructure on the performance of composite cements: Why higher total porosity can result in higher strength

Impact of microstructure on the performance of composite cements: Why higher total porosity can result in higher strength

Prediction of Time-Dependent Chloride Diffusion Coefficients for Slag-Blended Concrete

Application of electrochemical methods for studying steel corrosion in alkali‐activated materials

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