Serum Zinc Level in Recurrent Nephrotic Syndrome

Abstract

Background: Based on the evidence, the correction of zinc deficiency in patients with nephrotic syndrome may improve the prognosis of these patients. Objectives: So this study aimed to investigate the serum zinc level in children with nephrotic syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 102 children with nephrotic syndrome. After obtaining informed consent, we collected data regarding age, gender, the severity of nephrotic syndrome (mild, moderate, and severe), and serum zinc level. Results: The mean age of the patients was 6.2 ± 3.2 years. The serum zinc level was normal in 12 patients (11.76%), lower than normal in 86 patients (84.31%), and higher than normal in 4 patients (3.92%). Also we observed that, the serum zinc level was significantly lower in patients with severe nephrotic syndrome (31.48 ± 6.8) than in patients with moderate (59.12 ± 5.4) and mild (78.82 ± 4.1) nephrotic syndrome. Conclusions: We can improve the nephrotic syndrome condition of children by correcting their serum zinc levels.

Can Oral Zinc Supplementation Reduce Relapses in Childhood Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome? A Systematic Review

“… 19 Other studies documented the participants’ mean ages as 6.38 ± 3.42 years, 25 6.5 ± 3.7 years, 26 and 6.2 ± 3.2 years. 27 The majority of the studies reported male predominance 18 , 24–28 while one study showed a female predominance. 16…”

“… 27 The majority of the studies reported male predominance 18 , 24–28 while one study showed a female predominance. 16…”

“…As indicated in Table 1 , the eight selected full-text articles consist of four RCTs, 18 , 19 , 24 , 25 one case-control study, 16 a prospective, non-comparative study, 26 a cross-sectional study, 27 and an observational study. 28 The studies were conducted in Iraq 16 and Iran 26 , 27 and in Asian countries, namely Pakistan, 18 , 25 Bangladesh, 24 and India. 19 , 28 The study settings were all hospital-based.…”

“…Another study by Taherahmadi et al investigated the serum zinc levels in 102 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. 27 The authors used serum zinc levels in different severities of the disease as the study outcome.…”

“… Estimation of serum zinc level at confirmation of initial episode/relapse and a repeat estimation at remission. Serum zinc level in remission Insignificant and inverse correlation between serum zinc level and time to remission (r=0.14, p>0.05) Ghafoorimehr et al, 2019 26 To evaluate whether serum zinc levels in patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome are related to the number of relapses in these patients Estimation of baseline and remission serum zinc levels Number of relapses during one year Significant relationship between baseline and remission serum zinc levels (<78 µg/dl vs 78–110 µg/dl) and number of relapses (35 vs 7)* Taherahmadi et al, 2019 27 To investigate the serum zinc level in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome Estimation of serum zinc levels Serum zinc levels in different severities of nephrotic syndrome Significantly lower mean serum zinc level in severe nephrotic syndrome (31.48 ± 6.8 µg/dl) than in moderate (59.12 ± 5.4 µg/dl) and mild forms (78.82 ± 4.1 µg/dl) † Ali et al, 2013 16 To evaluate changes in serum zinc levels in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in comparison with healthy controls Estimation of serum zinc levels in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome during relapse (group A patients) and remission (group B patients) and healthy children (controls) Serum zinc levels following steroid or non-steroid therapy Significantly lower mean serum zinc level in group A patients than in controls (57.2 ± 15.286 µg/dl vs 96.2 ± 7.501 µg/dl). An increase in mean serum zinc level in group B but still significantly lower than that of controls Note : *p=0.005 † p< 0.001.…”