Serum uric acid in England and Scotland.

Sturge, R. A.; Scott, J. T.; Kennedy, A. C.; Hart, Deryl; Buchanan, W. Watson

doi:10.1136/ard.36.5.420

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These rates are 2–4 times higher than those described for the general ‘healthy’ Arab [5] or Caucasian populations [3,4]. Gender (male sex), obesity (as assessed with BMI) and diabetes were significant determinants of whether or not an individual would have hyperuricemia, even after adjustment for potential confounding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The worldwide prevalence of hyperuricemia is high, with reported rates of 35.1% (men) and 8.7% (women) in the Seychelles [1], 10.6% in Thailand [2], 7.2% (men) and 0.04% (women) in England and Scotland [3], 11.2% in the USA [4] and 8.4% in Saudi Arabia [5]. The putative associations of hyperuricemia in these populations include age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption and lifestyle, which in themselves are also risk factors for CAD and stroke [6], among other variables, also seen at high frequencies in individuals with hyperuricemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of Blood Uric Acid Levels in a Dyslipidemic Arab Population

Al-Meshaweh

Jafar²,

Asem³

et al. 2011

Med Princ Pract

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Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the relationships between circulating uric acid and lipid levels and components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Arab dyslipidemic patients, a group already at high coronary artery disease risk. Subjects and Methods: The medical records of 1,229 subjects (632 men, 597 women) referred for treatment of dyslipidemia and followed up for at least 12 months were reviewed. Serum levels of uric acid and lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein) and other variables in the National Cholesterol Education Program ATP III criteria definition of MetS were assessed at initial presentation and every 4– 6 months, under specific lipid-lowering treatment (statins and/or fibrates), in each of the subjects. Their respective associations were explored by appropriate logistic regression techniques with control for confounding risk factors, including age, gender and body mass index. Results: 306 subjects (24.9%) of the study population were hyperuricemic; they were more likely to be men, obese and diabetic. Also the serum uric acid level (mean ± SD) was greater in men with MetS compared with men without (377.0 ± 98.0 vs. 361.6 ± 83.1 µmol/l, p < 0.05), an observation not reproduced in women. Uric acid levels had significant associations with the presence of fasting hyperglycemia, hypertension and large waist circumference (WC) in men, but only with large WC in women. With statin treatment, uric acid levels decreased by 10% within 1 year of treatment; with fibrates, uric acid levels remained unchanged or slightly increased. Conclusion: The data showed that hyperuricemia is common in dyslipidemic patients in Kuwait, where its important determinants are male sex, obesity, diabetes and statin treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Blood Uric Acid Levels in a Dyslipidemic Arab Population

Al-Meshaweh

Jafar²,

Asem³

et al. 2011

Med Princ Pract

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“…The purine-rich nature of muscle tissue suggests one reason why this variable might be implicated, although the correlation between SUA and muscle size (r = 0.237, P = 0.001) disappeared when correlated for BMI (r = 0-010, P = 0.86). Sturge et al (1977) reported that lean body mass (LBM) was positively correlated with SUA in both sexes, but when entered into step-wise regression together with a measure of total body mass (ponderal index) LBM in males no longer explained a significant amount of SUA variation. A correlation between SUA and LBM (t55 = 6.34 P<0.001) has been reported by Kennedy et al (1975); this result is based on a pooled group of 27 males and 30 females and a sex difference in the effect of LBM on SUA is not reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of gout in New Zealand Maoris.

Brauer¹,

Prior²

1978

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

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SUMMARY Results are reported from the first prospective study of gout in New Zealand Maoris based on a sample of 388 males and 378 females. At baseline, high mean levels of serum uric acid (SUA) were found, 0-422 ± 0-092 mmol/l (7.05 ± 1 54 mg/100 ml) in males and 0 350 ± 0-091 mmol/l (5.85 1 *52 mg/100 ml) in females. On the basis of traditional criteria (SUA above 0 42 mmol/l (7.0 mg/100 ml) in males and above 0*36 mmol/l (6-0 mg/100 ml) in females) the prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 49 % in males and 42 % in females. The baseline prevalence of gout (8 * 8 % for males and 0 * 8 % for females) and the subsequent 11-year incidence rates (10 * 3 % for males and 4 3 % for females) are discussed in relation to specified SUA classes. When traditional, sex-specific criteria for hyperuricaemia were used, no relationship was found between the prevalence of hyperuricaemia and the incidence of gout. There was, however, a sharp increase in the incidence rate of gout in both sexes when SUA levels were above 0 48 mmol/l (8 0 mg/100 ml). In subjects with a baseline SUA above this level, the age-standardised 11 -year incidence rate of gout was 29 1 % for males and 37.2% for females. A previously unreported relationship linking muscle size to the incidence of gout in males is presented as a major finding of the study. Other risk factors associated with gout were body mass and blood pressure.New Zealand Maoris have high levels of serum uric acid (SUA) and are at high risk for gout (Lennane et al., 1960;Prior, 1962;Rose et al., 1966). This paper presents the results of the first prospective epidemiological study of gout and its risk factors in this population, made possible by the recent completion of a longitudinal data base encompassing 3 consecutive epidemiological surveys of a group of New Zealand Maoris: rounds I (1962/63), II (1968/69), and IIT (1974). Findings consist of (a) a summary of baseline (round I) data, including the distribution of SUA, age and sex effects on SUA, an-d ine baseline prevalence of gout; and (b) the incidence study (between baseline at round I and the follow-up at round o), in which evidence is presented of a relationship in males between muscle size and the incidence of gout. MethodsWHO Special Committee recommendations on methodology were followed in most instances. A full description has been previously published (Prior, 1962;. Serum cholesterol was estimated by the method of Abell et al. (1952) and SUA by a non-enzymatic colorimetric technique

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“…Apparently non-genetic factors are associated with plasma, serum and urine uric acid levels. They include nutrition such as nucleic acid, purines and protein (Waslien et al, 1968;Clifford et al, 1976;Seegmiller et al, 1963;Rauch-Janssen et al, 1977), alcohol consumption (Lieber et aI., 1962;Brooks and Mueller, 1966;Saker et al, 1967;Gulbrandsen et al, 1979), body weight, obesity or body surface (Dunn et aI., 1963;Brooks and Mueller, 1966;Sturge et al, 1977;Noppa et al, 1978;O'Brien et al, 1966), social status or occupation (Dunn et al, 1963;Montoye et aI., 1967), and education (Dunn et al, 1963).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and urine uric acid levels: Heritability estimates and correlation with IQ

1980

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SummaryPlasma and urine uric acid levels were measured in 37 pairs of twins aged 11 or 12 years and their parents. Effect of age differed between sexes and between plasma and urine. Assuming linear regression on age, the uric acid levels were adjusted for a fixed age, then standardized with mean 0 and standard deviation 1. The standardized values for plasma yielded a high MZ twin correlation (0.8429), a high mid-parent-offspring regression (0.7516) and a high parent-offspring regression (0.5100). Because of a high husband-wife correlation (0.3771) a model was used for estimating parameters, where effects of assortative mating and/or common within-family environment were incorporated. In plasma two sets of estimates were obtained: VA/Vp=0.7064, 0.3251; VD/Vp=0.1010, 0.1769; and VEC (variance due to common within-family environment)/Vp=0.0362, 0.3416. In urine VA/Vt,=0.4125, Vo/Vp=0.3556 and VEc/Vp=--0.1106. It was concluded that heritability of uric acid level was not less than 0.3 in plasma and not less than 0.4 in urine. The plasma uric acid level and IQ was positively correlated (between 0.17 and 0.34), but not significant.

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Serum uric acid in England and Scotland.

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Determinants of Blood Uric Acid Levels in a Dyslipidemic Arab Population

Determinants of Blood Uric Acid Levels in a Dyslipidemic Arab Population

A prospective study of gout in New Zealand Maoris.

Plasma and urine uric acid levels: Heritability estimates and correlation with IQ

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