Serum Nesfatin-1 Levels in Patients With Different Glucose Tolerance Levels

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of nesfatin-1 in healthy subjects with those in prediabetic and diabetic patients who have different glucose tolerance levels. Overall, 100 subjects were divided into 5 groups healthy control (C), impaired fasting glycemia (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, (Type 2 DM). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) assessed the glycemic control. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was determined using computer analyses. Nesfatin-1 levels were measured using ELISA method. IFG and IGT (prediabetic groups) from MS and Type 2 DM (diabetic groups) differed significantly in HOMA-IR. The nesfatin-1 levels were lower, although not statistically significant, in IFG (0.937±0.03 ng/ml, p=0.07) and IGT (1.039±0.06 ng/ml, p=0.5) groups compared to healthy subjects (1.094±0.07 ng/ml). However, the nesfatin-1 levels were lower in patients with Type 2 DM (0.867±0.02 ng/ml, p=0.007) and MS (0.885±0.01 ng/ml, p=0.01) compared to healthy subjects. Nesfatin-1 levels were significantly lower in diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects. This study supports the role of insulin resistance in decreased nesfatin-1 levels in patients with Type 2 DM and MS.

Increased hip circumference in individuals with metabolic syndrome affects serum nesfatin-1 levels

“…The control group comprised 30 volunteer adults compatible with the case group in terms of age, gender and BMI. The sample size of the study was based on a study examining serum nesfatin-1 levels in individuals with metabolic syndrome 18. Two different samples were calculated in order to make a statistically significant difference of 0.20 units between case and control group.…”

Current Understanding of the Role of Nesfatin-1

“…However, circulating NUCB2/nesfatin-1 levels were not altered under conditions of type 2 diabetes in rats [ 83 ], whereas in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice [ 93 ] and in humans levels were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance than in healthy controls [ 100 ], giving rise to species differences. However, in patients with metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, NUCB2/nesfatin-1 concentrations were lower than in controls [ 101 ]. A recent meta-analysis failed to show differences in circulating NUCB2/nesfatin-1 concentrations between controls and patients with type 2 diabetes [ 102 ].…”

Circulating Nesfatin-1 Levels and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…However, studies evaluating the relationship between circulating nesfatin-1 and type 2 diabetes have produced conflicting results. Some studies revealed high levels of nesfatin-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes [ 8 , 9 ], but others reported lower nesfatin-1 levels in these patients [ 10 – 14 ]. Additionally, the potential causes of these conflicting results have been poorly described.…”