Current Understanding of the Role of Nesfatin-1

Abstract

Nesfatin-1 was discovered in 2006 and implicated in the regulation of food intake. Subsequently, its widespread central and peripheral distribution gave rise to additional effects. Indeed, a multitude of actions were described, including modulation of gastrointestinal functions, glucose and lipid metabolism, thermogenesis, mediation of anxiety and depression, as well as cardiovascular and reproductive functions. Recent years have witnessed a great increase in our knowledge of these effects and their underlying mechanisms, which will be discussed in the present review. Lastly, gaps in knowledge will be highlighted to foster further studies.

Contingent role of phoenixin and nesfatin‐1 on secretions of the male reproductive hormones

“…Nesfatinergic neurons are abundantly found throughout the central nervous system (Oh‐I et al, ; Stengel et al, ), and nesfatin‐1 plays a crucial function in the central control of reproduction system (Schalla & Stengel, ), just like PNX does. Multiple previous reports have revealed that nesfatin‐1 could play a remarkable role in HPGA regulation.…”

“…It is observed that the neurons, which express nesfatin‐1 and/or its precursor protein nucleobindin‐2 (NUCB‐2), are widely scattered in the central nervous system, including HPGA (Oh‐I et al, ; Stengel et al, ). Nesfatin‐1 modulates a number of physiological functions such as regulation of feeding, cardiorespiratory control and neuroendocrine coordinating of the gonadal activity (Aydin, Guvenc, Altinbas, Niaz, & Yalcin, ; Ciftci, Guvenc, Kasikci, & Yalcin, ; Rojczyk, Palasz, & Wiaderkiewicz, ; Schalla & Stengel, ; Yilmaz et al, ). In parallel with these findings, a previous study has also revealed that nesfatin‐1 exerts a crucial role in HPGA, since it potentiates a rise in LH secretion in male rodents (Tena‐Sempere, ), and the central blockage of nesfatin‐1 with anti‐NUCB‐2 pre‐treatment in female rats induces a decrease in plasma LH level in puberty (Garcia‐Galiano et al, ).…”

Nesfatin-1: An Anorexigenic Peptid

“…Lipid accumulation may be reduced by nesfatin-1in cultured hepatocytes in vitro, probably because of a decrease of lipogenesis-relevant genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g and sterolregulatory element-binding protein 1 and enzymes including fatty acid synthase and glycerol-3phosphatase acyltransferase, whereas b-oxidation-related genes may be increased. Because circulating levels of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 may be reduced in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the peptide might play a pathogenetic role under these conditions (Schalla et al, 2018).…”

Evidence of a Relationship Between Plasma Leptin, Not Nesfatin-1, and Craving in Male Alcohol-Dependent Patients After Abstinence

“…Moreover, a power-based analysis showed that serum leptin level was associated with alcohol craving in both sexes (8). Nesfatin-1, another new anorexigenic peptide hormone, plays an important role in the integration of food intake, energy expenditure, and glucose homeostasis (9). In the past decade, nesfatin-1 has been found to be involved in a variety of affective disorders, including anxiety disorder (10), depression (11), and psychosis (12).…”